| 高效耐盐碱石油烃降解菌筛选及降解特性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王之语,原陇苗,刘艳红,马荣,吴应琴.高效耐盐碱石油烃降解菌筛选及降解特性研究[J].沉积学报,2022,40(3):849-860. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王之语 原陇苗 刘艳红 马荣 吴应琴 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/甘肃省油气资源研究重点实验室, 兰州 730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（42072180,41772147,41272147）； |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究长庆油田污染土壤中微生物对石油的降解特性，在该油田多个油井附近采集了10处含油污染土壤进行石油烃降解菌的筛选、分离及降解实验。通过对筛选出的四株石油烃降解菌株5-5、5-X、9-2、10-3进行革兰氏染色、菌落形态观察、生化理化试验及16S rDNA测序，鉴定出这四株菌株分别为醋酸钙不动杆菌（Acinetobacter calcoaceticus）、不动杆菌（Acinetobacter sp.）、蒙氏假单胞菌（Pseudomonas monteilii）和乳酸不动杆菌（Acinetobacter lactucae）。14 d降解实验结果显示，这四种菌株对总石油烃的降解率分别为50.92%、51.27%、78.30%和44.39%；尤其菌株Pseudomonas sp.9-2表现出优异的降解性能，且对不同组分石油烃（正构烷烃、异构烷烃及芳烃）的降解率分别达到了94.65%、69.73%和59.07%，对长链正构烷烃也体现出了较好的降解性能。另外，抗逆性试验结果表明菌株Pseudomonas sp.9-2对pH和盐度的耐受范围分别为5.0~10.0、0.5%~6.0%，表明该菌株对盐碱环境具有较好的适应性，可用于盐碱石油污染土壤的微生物修复研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 石油烃降解菌 微生物修复 石油污染 耐盐碱 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-01 |
Screening and Degradation Characteristics of High Efficiency Saline Alkali-resistant Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria |
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| WANG ZhiYu,YUAN LongMiao,LIU YanHong,MA Rong,WU YingQin.Screening and Degradation Characteristics of High Efficiency Saline Alkali-resistant Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2022,40(3):849-860. |
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| Authors: | WANG ZhiYu YUAN LongMiao LIU YanHong MA Rong WU YingQin |
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| Institution: | 1.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | To repair petroleum hydrocarbon pollution of saline alkaline soil in the arid area of northwestern China using an efficient environmental protection method， petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were screened， isolated and degraded at ten sampling points close to the Changqing oilfield， Qingyang， Gansu province. The following tests were carried out with the four selected strains 5-5， 5-X， 9-2 and 10-3: Gram staining， colony morphology observation， microscopic morphology， biochemical and physicochemical property tests and 16S rDNA sequencing. It was confirmed that the four petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were Acinetobacter calcoaceticus， Acinetobacter sp.， Pseudomonas monteilii and A. lactucae， respectively. The degradation results for 1 mL/100 mL petroleum hydrocarbons showed that the degradation rates of 5-5， 5-X， 9-2 and 10-3 reached 50.92%， 51.27%， 78.30% and 44.39%， respectively， at 30 °C， 150 r/min and pH 7.0 after 14 days of degradation experiments. In addition， the strain Pseudomonas sp. 9-2， which has excellent degradation performance， was studied for its degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon components. It was found that it degraded 94.65% n-alkanes， 69.73% isoalkanes and 59.07% polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. It also showed excellent degradation performance for high carbon number n-alkanes and high ring number polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In the stress-resistance experiment， Pseudomonas sp. 9-2 showed a tolerance to pH from 5.0 to 10.0， and a tolerance of 0.5%-6.0% salinity. Therefore， the petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria screened in this study are completely suitable for microbial remediation of the petroleum hydrocarbon pollution of saline alkaline soil in the northwestern arid regions. |
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