| 多年冻土区斜坡稳定性研究综述 |
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| 引用本文： | 李艳,金会军,温智,赵子龙,金晓颖.多年冻土区斜坡稳定性研究综述[J].冰川冻土,2022,44(1):203-216. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李艳 金会军 温智 赵子龙 金晓颖 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冻土工程国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000;2.中国科学院大学 资源环境学院，北京 100049;3.东北林业大学 东北多年冻土区地质环境系统教育部野外科学观测研究站/土木工程学院与寒区科学与工程研究院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040;4.甘肃省交通规划勘察设计院股份有限公司，甘肃 兰州 730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然基金面上项目“大兴安岭森林火灾对冻土环境的影响研究”（41871052）、”中俄原油管道沿线植被灌丛化过程及其对冻土的水热影响”（42101119）资助； |
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| 摘 要： | 全球变暖、极端天气频发，引发的地质灾害对自然生态环境和人类生产生活造成了很大的影响。尤其对气候变化较为敏感的高温（年平均地温>-1 °C）和高含冰量多年冻土区，气候变暖以及人类活动导致的冻融地质灾害日益频繁。冻土退化条件下，土体结构和物理力学性质发生改变，黏聚力和抗剪强度降低，造成多年冻土区斜坡发生滑坡、崩塌、泥流等灾害。斜坡失稳加剧了多年冻土区脆弱生态环境的恶化，同时对建（构）筑物安全运营产生威胁。与非冻土区相比，多年冻土区斜坡稳定性研究主要针对高含冰量斜坡段，斜坡失稳模式主要以热融滑塌和活动层滑脱为主。热融滑塌由斜坡段地下冰暴露融化引起，而活动层滑脱产生的原因是冻土融化导致土体孔隙水压力过大，形成的超孔隙水压力降低了土体强度，造成斜坡失稳。此外，多年冻土区斜坡失稳模式还包括融冻泥流、崩塌以及蠕变滑坡等。通过综述近期多年冻土区斜坡稳定性研究进展，概括了多年冻土区斜坡失稳的模式、特征、影响因素、失稳机理、分析方法及防治措施等，并对未来多年冻土区斜坡失稳的研究重点提出建议。
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| 关 键 词： | 气候变化 多年冻土 斜坡稳定性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-04-28 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-10-15 |
Stability of permafrost slopes:a review |
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| LI Yan,JIN Huijun,WEN Zhi,ZHAO Zilong,JIN Xiaoying.Stability of permafrost slopes:a review[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2022,44(1):203-216. |
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| Authors: | LI Yan JIN Huijun WEN Zhi ZHAO Zilong JIN Xiaoying |
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| Abstract: | Geohazards induced by climate warming and extreme weather events have great impacts on the ecological environment and human community. In particular， in regions with more thaw-unstable， ice-rich， and warm （mean annual ground temperature >-1 °C） permafrost， climate warming and human activities have led to more frequent freeze-thaw geohazards. With the degradation of permafrost， the cohesion and shear strength of soil would be reduced， resulting in active layer detachment failures， rockfalls， mudflows， and frozen debris flows/lobes， and other frost-related geohazards in permafrost slopes. Slope instability may further aggravate the deterioration of the fragile ecological environment in permafrost regions， threatening the safe operation of engineered infrastructures. Compared with the unfrozen soil zone， the research on the stability of permafrost slopes mainly aims at ice-richer slopes. The main types of slope instability in permafrost regions include retrogressive thaw slump and active layer detachment. The former is caused by exposure and the melting of ground ice in the slope cut. The latter is by the excess pore water pressure in slope soils due to the thawing of frozen soil and the resultant excess pore water pressure reduces the soil strength， destabilizing permafrost slopes. In addition， slope instability modes in permafrost regions include gelifluction， frozen debris flows/lobes， rockfalls and creep landslides， among others. This paper reviews the latest progress on the studies on basic characteristics， influencing factors， instability mechanisms， stability evaluation methods， and mitigative measures of permafrost slope instability， identifies inadequacies， and prospects for future research. |
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| Keywords: | climate changes permafrost slope stability |
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