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| 中国城市住房支付能力空间差异与分类调控策略 | |
| 引用本文： | 湛东升,虞晓芬,余妙志,徐小任.中国城市住房支付能力空间差异与分类调控策略[J].地理科学,2022,42(2):219-231. |
| 作者姓名： | 湛东升 虞晓芬 余妙志 徐小任 |
| 作者单位： | 1.浙江工业大学管理学院，浙江 杭州 310023 2.浙江工业大学经济学院，浙江 杭州 310023 3.山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室/临沂大学资源环境学院，山东 临沂 276005 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(42001120,71774144)；;教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJCZH221)资助~~； |
| 摘 要： | 住房支付能力事关广大百姓生活质量与福祉，已成为世界各国政府共同关心的民生话题。2020年度住建部城市体检工作对中国城市住房支付能力给予了高度重视，并将其纳入到城市体检评价指标体系。基于全国337个地级以上城市房价/房租和家庭可支配收入数据，从购房群体和租赁群体视角客观评估了中国城市住房支付能力及其变化，并划分了中国城市住房支付能力空间类型区，最后分析总结了中国城市住房支付能力的影响机制与分类调控对策。研究结果表明：① 中国城市房价收入比略微偏高且有所提升，2015年和2019年的平均房价收入比分别为7.01和7.76；中国城市房租收入比更加合理且有所下降，2015年和2019年的平均房租收入比分别为25.04%和22.01%。② 中国城市住房支付能力空间分异明显，房价收入比呈现出明显的东部高、中西部低的特征，房租收入比却呈现明显的南高北低的特点。③ 根据房价收入比和房租收入比联合空间分布特点，可将中国城市住房支付能力划分为租购支付能力双弱型、租购支付能力偏弱型、购房支付能力偏弱型、租购支付能力双强型和租房支付能力偏弱型等5种空间类型区，不同空间类型区的住房支付能力调控策略有所区别。④ 中国城市住房支付能力的影响机制包括城市住房供给和需求、城市生活质量、社会预期和住房偏好、金融与房地产政策以及家庭收入水平等方面。 |
| 关 键 词： | 住房支付能力 房价收入比 房租收入比 城市体检 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-08-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-11-12 |
Spatial Disparity and Classified Control Strategies of Housing Affordability in Urban China |
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| Zhan Dongsheng,Yu Xiaofen,Yu Miaozhi,Xu Xiaoren.Spatial Disparity and Classified Control Strategies of Housing Affordability in Urban China[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2022,42(2):219-231. | |
| Authors: | Zhan Dongsheng Yu Xiaofen Yu Miaozhi Xu Xiaoren |
| Institution: | 1. School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China 2. School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China 3. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection/College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, Shandong, China |
| Abstract: | Based on 337 prefecture-level above cities’ housing prices/rent and household disposable income data, this article objectively evaluates housing affordability and its changes for Chinese cities from perspectives of both homeowners and tenants, then identifies spatial types of housing affordability, and finally summarizes the influence mechanism and control measures of housing affordability. The results show that price-to-income ratio for Chinese cities is slightly higher and has increased, with an average being 7.01 and 7.76 in 2015 and 2019 respectively, but rent-to-income ratio for Chinese cities is more reasonable and has declined, with an average of 25.04% in 2015 and 22.01% in 2019. Moreover, there is distinct spatial differentiation of housing affordability in urban China. Price-to-income ratio is witnessed with higher value in the eastern region, while lower value in the central and western regions and rent-to-income ratio with higher value in the southern region and lower value in the northern region. Following the joint distribution of price-to-income ratio and rent-to-income ratio, housing affordability in China can be divided into five spatial types: type of weak affordability for both renters and purchasers, type of slight weak affordability for both renters and purchasers, type of weak affordability for only purchasers, type of strong affordability for both renters and purchasers, and type of weak affordability for renters. Distinguished control strategies have been raised for different spatial types of housing affordability. Last, the influencing mechanism of housing affordability in urban China includes housing supply and demand, urban quality of life, social expectation and housing preference, financial and real estate policies, and household income level. |
| Keywords: | housing affordability price-to-income ratio rent-to-income ratio urban health examination China |
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