| 云凝结物平流输送对降水云系发展影响的数值模拟研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 齐彦斌,冉令坤,洪延超.云凝结物平流输送对降水云系发展影响的数值模拟研究[J].气象学报,2009,67(6):1045-1057. |
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| 作者姓名： | 齐彦斌 冉令坤 洪延超 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京,100029;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049;吉林省人工影响天气办公室,长春,130062
2. 中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京,100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目，吉林省气象局开放式基金课题、中国气象局、吉林省人民政府人工影响天气联合开放实验室课题 |
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| 摘 要： | 大气动力学中"平流输送"是非常重要的宏观动力学过程,云凝结物的平流输送与降水云系的发展演变密切相关,它把宏观动力过程与各种云凝结物粒子的时空演变联系起来,云凝结物的平流输送可以增加或减少局地大气中云凝结物的含量,改变云凝结物的空间分布状况,影响云凝结物的微观物理过程,进而促进或抑制降水云系的发展演变.本文在数值模拟研究中.通过改变云凝结物平流输送的状况来研究宏观动力过程对云微观物理过程的影响,因而利用ARPS模式开展3个分别排除云凝结物水平平流输送、垂直平流输送和三维平流输送的敏感试验,进行关于云凝结物平流输送对降水云系发展演变影响的敏感性数值模拟研究.结果表明,云凝结物的平流输送对水汽比湿的影响很小.云凝结物的三维平流输送有利于增加降水云系中雪和霰的混合比含量,抑制云水、雨水和云冰混合比含量的增长.云凝结物的水平平流输送可以降低降水云系中云水和雨水的混合比含量,增加云冰和雪的混合比含量;云凝结物垂直平流输送的作用是增加降水云系中雨水、雪和霰的混合比含量,减少云与冰混合比含量.云凝结物三维平流输送效应的分析表明,云凝结物的三维平流输送主要通过调整云凝结物的微物理过程源汇项以及降水粒子(雨水、雪和霰)的下落末速项来改变降水云系中云凝结物的垂直结构;另外,雪的三维平流输送对雪本身的分布也有一定影响.
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| 关 键 词： | 宏观动力过程 云凝结物 平流输送 数值研究 |
| 收稿时间： | 4/7/2008 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2008/10/22 0:00:00 |
Numerical study of influence of clo ud hydrometeor advections on precipitable cloud system |
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| QI Yanbin,RAN Lingkun and HONG Yanchao.Numerical study of influence of clo ud hydrometeor advections on precipitable cloud system[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2009,67(6):1045-1057. |
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| Authors: | QI Yanbin RAN Lingkun and HONG Yanchao |
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| Institution: | Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Jilin Weather Modification Office, Changchun 130062, China,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China and Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | Advection transport effects by wind field is a very important macroscopically dynamical process for weather systems in real atmosphere. Cloud hydrometeor advections by three-dimensional velocity vector are closely related to evolution of precipitable cloud system and connect the macroscopically dynamical process with the temporal and spatial variations of cloud hydrometeors. The advection transport of cloud hydrometeors may increase or decrease the contents of cloud hydrometeors and change their spatial distributions so that the development of precipitable cloud system may be prompted or broken up. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of macroscopically dynamical process on cloud microphysical process by changing the cloud hydrometeor advection transports in the numeric simulation of a heavy-rainfall event occurring in North China during 00:00 UTC 12 - 00:00 UTC 13 August 2004. Combining the NCEP/NCAR real analysis data and routine observations of surface level and sounding, the ARPS model is employed to carry out simulations of the heavy rainfall event, including one controlling experiment and three numerical experiments in which the horizontal, vertical and total three-dimensional advection transports of cloud hydrometeors were excluded, respectively. The result showed that the simulated specific humidity was little influenced by the cloud hydrometeor advection transports. The three-dimensional advection transports of cloud hydrometeors was propitious to enrich the mixing ratios of snow and graupel, while the contents of cloud water, rain water and ice were held back. The horizontal advection transports of cloud hydrometeors contributed to the mixing ratios of ice and snow, and diminished the contents of cloud water and rain water. The vertical advection transports of cloud hydrometeors improved the mixing ratios of rain water, snow and graupel and at the same time, worsened the content of ice. The analysis of three-dimensional advection transport effects showed that the influence of three-dimensional advection transports of cloud hydrometeors on precipitable cloud system was realized via adjusting the source or sink of cloud hydrometeors produced by cloud microphysical processes and the sedimentation of precipitable hydrometeors (rain water, snow and graupel), and then changing the vertical spatial structures of cloud hydrometeors. In addition, the contribution of the advection transport of snow to itself was also important. |
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| Keywords: | Macroscopically dynamical process Cloud hydrometeors Advection transport Numerical simulation |
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