Modelling tidal signals enhanced by a submarine spring in a coastal confined aquifer extending under the sea |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mathematics, Anshan Normal University, Anshan 114005, PR China;2. School of Environmental Studies & (MOE) Biogeology and Environmental Geology Lab, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China;3. Environmental Engineering Division, School of Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia;4. Centre for Eco-Environmental Modelling, State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China;5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, 1947 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA |
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| Abstract: | Submarine springs discharge offshore groundwater from confined aquifers extending under the sea. The effects of these springs on the propagation of tidal oscillations in coastal confined aquifers are not known. This paper presents an approximate analytical solution of tidal head fluctuations in a confined aquifer with one submarine spring. The aquifer is assumed to extend in all directions infinitely. The spring is represented by a permeable round column on the seabed, which penetrates completely the impermeable layer overlying the confined aquifer. The error of the approximate solution is negligible if the distance from the spring to the coastline is much greater than the radius of the permeable column representing the spring. Through a hypothetical example, we demonstrate that it is possible to identify the spring’s location using tidal signals observed from inland wells. Tidal groundwater head fluctuations from three inland observation wells at least are needed to determine the 5 model parameters, including the location (2 parameters), the radius of the permeable column representing the spring, the diffusivity of the aquifer, and the tidal loading efficiency of the system. |
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