Deciphering the weathering processes using environmental mineralogy and geochemistry: Towards an integrated model of laterite and podzol genesis in the Upper Amazon Basin |
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| Authors: | Emmanuel Fritsch Etienne Balan Nadia Régina Do Nascimento Thierry Allard Marion Bardy Guilherme Bueno Sylvie Derenne Adolpho José Melfi Georges Calas |
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| Institution: | 1. IMPMC, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD 206, IPGP, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, université Denis-Diderot, boîte courrier 115, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France;3. BioEMCo, UMR CNRS 7618, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France;4. Unidade Contagem, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Rua Rio Comprido 4580, CINCO, 32.010-025, Contagem, MG, Brazil;5. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Geoquímica da Litosfera da Universidade de São Paulo (NUPEGEL-USP), Alameda do Aviário 44, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | This article reports major results from collaborative research between France and Brazil on soil and water systems, carried out in the Upper Amazon Basin. It reveals the weathering processes acting in the partly inundated, low elevation plateaus of the Basin, mostly covered by evergreen forest. Our findings are based on geochemical data and mineral spectroscopy that probe the crystal chemistry of Fe and Al in mineral phases (mainly kaolinite, Al- and Fe-(hydr)oxides) of tropical soils (laterites). These techniques reveal crystal alterations in mineral populations of different ages and changes of metal speciation associated with mineral or organic phases. These results provide an integrated model of soil formation and changes (from laterites to podzols) in distinct hydrological compartments of the Amazon landscapes and under altered water regimes. |
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