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| 基于城市夜间灯光数据的中美两国城市位序规模分布对比 | |
| 引用本文： | 许伟攀,李郇,陈浩辉.基于城市夜间灯光数据的中美两国城市位序规模分布对比[J].地理科学进展,2018,37(3):385-396. |
| 作者姓名： | 许伟攀 李郇 陈浩辉 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州 510275 2. 澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织,澳大利亚 墨尔本 3008 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41271138) |
| 摘 要： | 工业革命以来,人类开启了大规模的城市化进程。城市随着交通和通讯技术的发展不断突破原有的规模限制,城市规模不断变大。以人口为指标的城市规模分布服从齐普夫法则。不同城市化发展阶段,其城市位序规模分布存在差异。城市夜间灯光数据一般可用来衡量城市的经济活动、建成区面积、人口密度、发展水平等。本文以同源的城市夜间灯光数据代表城市规模,在国家尺度和省州尺度研究中美两国城市规模位序分布,并比较其异同。研究表明,在国家尺度,2013-2016年间,中美两国城市规模均变得集聚,而中国城市规模分布比美国更为分散,齐普夫指数相差约0.1。在省州尺度,不同省州的城市规模分布存在差异,中国和美国分别有44%和84%的省份或州的齐普夫指数大于1,中国城市规模分布分散型省份占一半以上,而美国的集中型的州则占有84%,总体而言,中国城市的规模分布更为分散。中美两国高位序城市实际值远低于拟合值,理论上仍然具备很大的发展潜力。中国高位序城市需要进一步提高城市经济活动的聚集程度,使得城市规模体系更趋完善与成熟。 |
| 关 键 词： | 位序规模分布 齐普夫法则 夜间灯光 中美 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-04-18 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-11-06 |
A comparative research on the rank-size distribution of cities in China and the United States based on urban nighttime light data |
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| Weipan XU,Xun LI,Haohui CHEN.A comparative research on the rank-size distribution of cities in China and the United States based on urban nighttime light data[J].Progress in Geography,2018,37(3):385-396. | |
| Authors: | Weipan XU Xun LI Haohui CHEN |
| Institution: | 1. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China 2. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne 3008, Australia |
| Abstract: | Since the industrial revolution, mankind has started a mighty urbanization process. With the rapid development of traffic and communication technologies, cities continue to break through the original scale restrictions, getting increasingly larger. However, the number of cities in different scales is not equal. The larger the size of the cities, the smaller their number is, and the distribution of city population size follows the Zipf's law. In different development stages, the cities' rank-size differs. City nightlight data generally can be used to measure cities' economic activities, built area, population density, level of development, and so on. In this study, the nightlight data were used to represent the size of urban areas, and the size distribution of urban areas in China and the United States was examined on the national scale and the provincial/state scale. The result shows that at the national scale, cities in China and the United States have become more agglomerated from 2013 to 2016, while the distribution of the size of urban areas in China over the same period is more fragmented than that of the United States. There are differences in the rank-size distribution in different provinces. About 44% of China's provinces and 84% of American states have a zipf's index of more than 1. More than half of China's provinces show dispersed distribution of city size, while 84% of American states are agglomerated. In general, the size distribution of China's urban areas is more dispersed. The actual zipf’s index values of the high-order cities in China and the United States are much lower than the fitting values, and theoretically these cities have great potential for development. China's high-order cities need to be further developed to raise the agglomeration degree of urban economic activity, making China's urban system more mature. |
| Keywords: | rank-size distribution Zipf 's law night-time light China and the United States |
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