| 中国城市网络中心性的空间格局及影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 盛科荣,张红霞,佀丹丹.中国城市网络中心性的空间格局及影响因素[J].地理科学,2018,38(8):1256-1265. |
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| 作者姓名： | 盛科荣 张红霞 佀丹丹 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东理工大学经济学院,山东 淄博 255012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41771173）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用2016年中国上市公司100强企业网络数据和两阶段隶属联系模型构建中国城市网络,研究了中国城市网络中心性的空间格局,并通过计量方法识别了城市网络中心性的关键影响因素,解析了关键因素的作用机理。结果发现：中国城市网络出度和中介度的空间分布呈现核心-外围结构特征,入度中心性空间分布的集中度相对较低;中国城市的网络功能开始出现层级分化,城市网络的功能结构区别于中心地体系下的等级关系;经济规模、知识资本、航空设施和政治资源是城市网络中心性空间格局的关键影响因素,择优链接是中国城市网络生长发育的重要内在动力。
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| 关 键 词： | 网络中心性 隶属联系模型 择优链接 等级结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-07-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-10-15 |
The Spatial Pattern and Influential Factors of Urban Network Centrality in China |
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| Kerong Sheng,Hongxia Zhang,Dandan Si.The Spatial Pattern and Influential Factors of Urban Network Centrality in China[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2018,38(8):1256-1265. |
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| Authors: | Kerong Sheng Hongxia Zhang Dandan Si |
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| Institution: | Economic School, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255012, Shandong, China |
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| Abstract: | The research of centrality of urban network is an important entry point to analyze the hierarchical structure and explore the evolution process of urban network. First the two-stage ownership linkages model to identify urban network through the lens of corporate networks is developed and the urban network in China is defined based on the top listed 100 enterprises in 2016. Then the spatial patterns of urban network centrality in China are studied from three perspectives of outdegree, betweeness and indgree. Finally the key factors affecting city network centrality are identified using two econometric methods of robust regression and the mechanisms of the key factors are analyzed. Three main findings are concluded. First, the spatial distribution of centrality in the urban network in China is unbalanced and heterogeneous. The spatial structure of outdegree and betweenness centrality both exhibit core-periphery patterns with primate city with great power. The spatial concentration of indegree centrality is relatively low, with multiple core cities. There is a significant spatial correlation between the three centrality measures of outdegree, betweeness and indegree. The three regions of Bohai Rim, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta have high level of centrality values, becoming the core areas of urban network power system in China, while most cities in Central and Western China become periphery regions, which suggests that cities with more power have more prestige attracting others to relate. Second, the network function of cities in China exhibits differentiation. Based on the combination of different centerality measures, the urban system in China can be divided into five functional levels: the national dominant center with the highest level of outdegree and betweeness centrality (including Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen), regional command centers with high level of outdegree centrality but low level of betweeness centrality (i.e. Wuhan, Guangzhou, etc.), regional gateway cities with high level of betweeness centrality but low level of outdegree centrality (i.e. Dalian, Nanjing, etc.), investing centers with relatively high level of indegree centrality but low level of both outdegree and betweeness centrality (i.e. Ningbo and Lanzhou), and the periphery cities with low level of all the three centrality measures. The spatial pattern of the power in urban network is different from the urban hierarchy predicted by central place theory, which reveals that the foundation for the development of China's urban system is undergoing profound changes. Third, economic scale, knowledge capital, aviation facilities and political resources are key factors influencing the spatial pattern of urban network centrality. The results reveal that preferential attachment is an important mechanism in the development of China’s urban system: the cities with large market size, good aviation infrastructure, abundant knowledge capital and political resources will have the advantages in attracting more corporate headquarters or branch layouts. This paper will enrich and deepen the understanding of the characteristics of urban network structure in China, and provide references for the construction of urban network theory. |
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| Keywords: | network centrality the ownership linkage model preferential attachment hierarchical structure |
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