| 用板块构造学说对中国部分地区构造发展的初步分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李春昱.用板块构造学说对中国部分地区构造发展的初步分析[J].地球物理学报,1975,18(1):52-76. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李春昱 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北地质科学研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 为便于在大陆上研究板块构造,作者提出了几项原则,作为参考:1.板块接触带时常表现为一条大断层或断裂带,延伸至少数百公里,经常超过一千公里;2.在两个相邻的板块上,沉积岩相和古生物群有显著的划分;3.有混杂堆积的出现;4.有蛇绿岩带的出现;5.有蓝片岩的出现;6.侵入岩与喷出岩具有规律性的分布;7.地震震中的分布;8.两个相邻板块所指极向的不同移动轨迹. 根据上述原则,结合中国地质情况进行分析,作者认为我国有几条山脉和地区可能是板块构造接触带.这些是:1.秦岭东西构造带,2.台湾省东岸,3.西藏的雅鲁藏布江,4.金沙江上游,5.龙门山及“康滇地轴”,6.祁连山北部边缘. 在工作中也遇到了以下几个有待进一步研究的问题:1.大陆板块对大陆板块互相碰撞的说法,似应作一定的修改.因为几乎所有大陆上的俯冲带都是沿着地槽的一边或两边发生的,而不是两个大陆板块直接相互接触.它和大陆边缘的海洋板块对大陆板块的移动,极为相似。2.超基性岩是否能侵入到大陆地壳,还是只能生成于地幔?3.如果说超基性岩只出现于地槽,则古老地块中有超基性岩出现时,是否可以说,这是以前地槽沉积的变质岩,而不是古老的岩浆岩体,例如秦岭的大华群和大别山的淮阳地盾等。
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| 关 键 词： | 俯冲带 板块构造学说 混杂堆积 地槽区 构造发展 蓝闪石片岩 大陆板块 部分地区 初步分析 接触带 |
TECTONIC EVOLUTIONS OF SOME MOUNTAIN RANGES IN CHINA,AS TENTATIVELY INTERPRETED ON THE CONCEPT OF PLATE TECTONICS |
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| LEE CHUN-YU.TECTONIC EVOLUTIONS OF SOME MOUNTAIN RANGES IN CHINA,AS TENTATIVELY INTERPRETED ON THE CONCEPT OF PLATE TECTONICS[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1975,18(1):52-76. |
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| Authors: | LEE CHUN-YU |
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| Institution: | Geological Institute of Northwest China |
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| Abstract: | In order to facilitate the investigation of plate tectonic on the continent, the writer proposes some principles for references. They are: 1, the juncture between two plates is always represented by a great fault or fracture zone extending for at least several hundreds or usually more than one thousand kilometers long; 2, the sharp diversities of depositional phases and faunas on the adjacent plates; 3, the presence of melanges; 4, the presence of ophiolite zone; 5, the presence of blueschists; 6, the dis-tribution with some regularities of intrusive and extrusive rocks; 7, the distribution of earthquake epicenters; and 8, the unequal polar wanderings of adjacent plates.Judging from the above mentioned principles and examining the geological features of China, we find that, some mountain ranges and territories may be considered as junctures of plate tectonics, those are: 1, the Tsinling structural zone, 2, the eastern coast of Taiwan, 3, the Yalutsangpo Eiver in Tibet, 4, the upper stream of Jinsha River, 5, the Lungmen Mountain and "Kangdian axis" and 6, the northern rim of Chilien Mountain.There are some questions, which need to be further studied. 1, The hypothesis of collision of two continents seems to require certain modifications, because almost all of the subduction zones occur along one or both sides of the geosyncline, and two con-tinents do not come to contact directly with each other. It is fairly the same as along the continental margin, where the oceanic plate moves against the continental plate. 2, Can the ultrabasic rocks intrude into continental crust, or can they only be gene-rated in the mantle? 3, If the ultrabasic rocks appear only in the geosyncline, is it possible to say, that the old massifs, in which ultrabasic rocks are present, such as the Taihwa group of Shensi and the Hwaiyang Shield of Dabie Mountain are geosynclinal metamorphic rocks instead of igneous origin? 4, In northwestern Pacific all of the is-land arcs are with the convex side opposite to the underthrusting plate. Is it possible to be considered as a rule to judge that, which side is the undergoing plate ? It is true, that the subduetion zones on the continent and even along the line between Pacific and South America are not in arc form. 5, According to Dickinson, Mitchell and Eeading there is a gap between the trench and volcanic arcs. In China, so far we know, the intrusive bodies are always directly in contact with the subduction zone, with only the Taiwan Strait as an exception. 6, Sometimes there are granite or granodiorite intrusions to be found behind the subduction zone. Is there another subduction zone behind the former one, or were there igneous activities during the folding of geosyn-cline as indicated .by the classical geotectonic theory ? 7, Except in the eastern provinces of China, where the volcanic rocks are wide-spread, in central and western China very rare volcanic rocks have been found along the margin of overriding plate. Whether the volcanic rocks were eroded away on the magma did not rise to the earth surface at all, is still a question. |
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