| 晨昏轨道微波温度计资料同化对降水定量预报的影响及其对三轨卫星系统的意义 |
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| 引用本文： | 邹晓蕾,秦正坤,翁富忠.晨昏轨道微波温度计资料同化对降水定量预报的影响及其对三轨卫星系统的意义[J].大气科学,2016,40(1):46-62. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邹晓蕾 秦正坤 翁富忠 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.马里兰大学地球系统多学科合作研究中心, 美国College Park 20740 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省自然科学基金项目BK2011039,国家自然科学基金项目41475103 |
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| 摘 要： | 极轨卫星的高级微波温度计(Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A,简称AMSU-A)辐射资料对提高降水定量预报的水平有重要作用.但是极轨卫星的轨道特征导致乘载其上的微波温度计资料在区域同化系统中存在严重缺测.本研究重点分析了晨昏轨道卫星上微波温度计资料同化对墨西哥湾沿岸定量降水预报的重要影响.研究选取了早晨星NOAA-15、上午星MetOp-A和下午星NOAA-18,利用美国NCEP(National Centers for Environmental Prediction)的业务同化系GSI(Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation)资料同化系统,进行了加和不加NOAA-15 AMSU-A资料的两组资料同化和预报试验,来阐明晨昏轨道卫星上微波温度计资料同化对墨西哥湾沿岸降水预报的重要影响.试验结果分析表明如果仅同化NOAA-18和MetOp-A资料,在协调世界时00:00和12:00的同化时间,在墨西哥湾和美国西部大陆就是卫星观测资料缺测区,而早晨星NOAA-15资料正好可以填补这个资料空缺.模式预报也表明,同化NOAA-15的AMSU-A资料可以对墨西哥湾降水有持续的正影响.这一研究证明了保持有搭载着AMSU-A或者相似仪器的早晨星,对区域降水预报的重要性.由于目前NOAA-15是唯一的一颗正在运行的、已远超过其正常运行期的早晨星,通过技术手段维持NOAA-15的AMSU-A仪器更超长期运行也就特别重要.
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| 关 键 词： | 资料同化 晨昏轨道 极轨卫星 降水预报 |
| 收稿时间： | 3/1/2015 12:00:00 AM |
Impact of Dawn-Dusk Satellite AMSU-A Data on Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts and the Implications for Three-Orbit Constellation |
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| ZOU Xiaolei,QIN Zhengkun and WENG Fuzhong.Impact of Dawn-Dusk Satellite AMSU-A Data on Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts and the Implications for Three-Orbit Constellation[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2016,40(1):46-62. |
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| Authors: | ZOU Xiaolei QIN Zhengkun and WENG Fuzhong |
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| Institution: | 1.Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park 20740, USA2.College of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 2100443.National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park 20740, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study demonstrates the importance of an early morning orbit satellite for improved coastal quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) near the Gulf of Mexico. The Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) radiance observations from the early morning satellite NOAA-15, the mid-morning satellite MetOp-A, and the afternoon satellite NOAA-18, are assimilated using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI). For the Gulf coast precipitation case selected in this study, two pairs of data assimilation and forecasting experiments are carried out to compare the differences in QPFs with and without assimilating AMSU-A data from NOAA-15. It is shown that the two orbits provided by NOAA-18 and MetOp-A render both the Gulf of Mexico and the western continent of the United States as two data-void areas at 0000 UTC and 1200 UTC. The NOAA-15 orbit fills these data gaps. Adding NOAA-15 AMSU-A data into GSI data assimilation results in a consistently positive impact on the QPFs near the Gulf coast. It is thus suggested to have a continual availability of an early morning orbiting satellite with an AMSU-A or AMSU-A-like instrument onboard. A partial solution would be a sustained effort to maintain the NOAA-15 AMSU-A for longer-lived operation. |
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| Keywords: | Data assimilation Dawn-dusk orbit Polar orbit satellite quantitative precipitation forecast |
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