| 自然变异与灾害过程的社会学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张业成,张春山,张立海.自然变异与灾害过程的社会学研究[J].地学前缘,2003,10(Z1):265-271. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张业成 张春山 张立海 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国地质科学院,五六二综合研究所,河北,廊坊,065201
2. 中国地质科学院,地质力学研究所,北京,100081 |
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| 摘 要： | 论述了自然变异及自然灾害与人类社会的互馈关系 ,探讨了社会条件控制下自然灾害的阶段性特点 ,提出了开展灾害社会学研究的使命。认为自然变异及自然灾害破坏人类社会的健康发展 ,但人类社会并不是完全被动的应付自然变异和自然灾害 ,而是对自然变异及自然灾害作出双向反响。一方面 ,采取科学的社会行为 ,积极抑制灾害活动 ,减轻自然灾害破坏损失 ;另一方面因政治腐败 ,纲纪松弛 ,经济衰退 ,社会混乱 ,或违背自然规律 ,盲目的社会经济活动 ,导致天灾与人祸并行 ,不仅加剧自然灾害 ,甚至导致许多全球性重大环境问题 ,对人类社会造成广泛而深远的影响。自然灾害不仅受自然条件控制 ,而且受人类社会的强烈影响 ,因此自然灾害除伴随自然条件发生复杂的周期性变化外 ,还伴随社会条件发生阶段性变化。自然灾害是一种自然社会现象 ,而且随着人类社会的持续发展 ,自然灾害的社会性越来越强烈。因此 ,在进一步加强灾害的自然科学研究的同时 ,开展社会学研究 ,对于发展灾害理论以及促进减灾事业的发展是十分必要的。
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| 关 键 词： | 自然变异 自然灾害 人类活动 社会 互馈关系 灾害社会学 |
| 文章编号： | 1005-2321(2003)S0-0265-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年4月4日 |
STUDY ON SOCIOLOGY OF NATURAL VARIATION AND DISASTER PROCESS |
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| ZHANG Ye-cheng ,ZHANG Chun-shan ,ZHANG Li-hai.STUDY ON SOCIOLOGY OF NATURAL VARIATION AND DISASTER PROCESS[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(Z1):265-271. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Ye-cheng ZHANG Chun-shan ZHANG Li-hai |
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| Institution: | ZHANG Ye-cheng 1,ZHANG Chun-shan 2,ZHANG Li-hai 1 |
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| Abstract: | In this paper we discuss the interactive relation between natural variation-natural disasters and society. We have discussed the phased characteristic of natural disasters under the control of social conditions and brought forward the purport of studying the sociology of natural disaster. We think that natural variation-natural disasters have affected and destroyed the sound development of society; however, the society does not only cope with natural disasters and natural variation completely passively; on the contrary, the society usually takes some measures to affect it; it means that the society can understand natural laws, so it can adopt scientific action to control the forming process of disaster and to reduce the loss by natural disasters. On the other hand, owing to the government corruption, incompletion of law, economic recession, society chaos, and acting against natural law or adopting unscientific actions, the society can make the natural disasters more serious and even intensify many notable environmental issues. Because natural disasters are not only controlled by natural conditions but also affected by human and social conditions, natural disasters have the features of periodicity along with the variation of natural conditions, and the features of phased changes influenced by social conditions. Natural disaster is a sort of natural-social phenomena whose social aspect will become more intense as the society developing. So we have to study society while further studying nature, which is very important for the development of disaster theory and disaster-reduction cause. |
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| Keywords: | natural variation natural disaster human activity society interactive relation sociology of disaster |
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