A Spatial Database of Cropping System and its Characteristics to Aid Climate Change Impact Assessment Studies |
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| Authors: | Sushma Panigrahy Shibendu Shankar Ray K R Manjunath P S Pandey S K Sharma Anil Sood Manoj Yadav P C Gupta N Kundu Jai Singh Parihar |
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| Institution: | (1) Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad, India;(2) Project Directorate of Cropping Systems Research, Modipuram, India;(3) Punjab Remote Sensing Centre, Ludhiana, India;(4) Haryana Space Applications Centre, Hisar, India;(5) Remote Sensing Applications Centre, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India;(6) Insititute of Ecological Studies and Wetland Management, Kolkata, India; |
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| Abstract: | Cropping system study is not only useful to understand the overall sustainability of agricultural system, but also it helps
in generating many important parameters which are useful in climate change impact assessment. Considering its importance,
Space Applications Centre, took up a project for mapping and characterizing major cropping systems of Indo-Gangetic Plains
of India. The study area included the five states of Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India, i.e. Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh,
Bihar and West Bengal. There were two aspects of the study. The first aspect included state and district level cropping system
mapping using multi-date remote sensing (IRS-AWiFS and Radarsat ScanSAR) data. The second part was to characterize the cropping
system using moderate spatial resolution multi-date remote sensing data (SPOT VGT NDVI) and ground survey. The remote sensing
data was used to compute three cropping system performance indices (Multiple Cropping Index, Area Diversity Index and Cultivated
Land Utilization Index). Ground survey was conducted using questionnaires filled up by 1,000 farmers selected from 103 villages
based on the cropping systems map. Apart from ground survey, soil and water sampling and quality analysis were carried out
to understand the effect of different cropping systems and their management practices. The results showed that, rice-wheat
was the major cropping system of the IGP, followed by Rice-Fallow-Fallow and Maize-Wheat. Other major cropping systems of
IGP included Sugarcane based, Pearl millet-Wheat, Rice-Fallow-Rice, Cotton-Wheat. The ground survey could identify 77 cropping
systems, out of which 38 are rice-based systems. Out of these 77 cropping systems, there were 5 single crop systems, occupying
6.5% coverage (of all cropping system area), 56 double crop systems with 72.7% coverage, and 16 triple crop systems with 20.8%
coverage. The cropping system performance analysis showed that the crop diversity was found to be highest in Haryana, while
the cropping intensity was highest in Punjab state. |
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