Floral ecology and insect visitation in riparian Tamarix sp. (saltcedar) |
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| Institution: | 1. United States Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, c/o Bureau of Reclamation, 86-68220, PO Box 25007, Denver CO 80225, USA;2. Bureau of Reclamation, 86-68220, PO Box 25007, Denver, CO 80225, USA;1. Columbia-Greene Community College, 4400 NY State Route 23, Hudson, NY 12534, United States;2. University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States;1. Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Anápolis, GO 75132-903, Brazil;2. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa do Pantanal (INPP), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, MT 78068-900, Brazil;3. Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM), Asa Norte Comércio Local Norte 211 BL B Sala 201 - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF 70863-520, Brazil;4. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Cuiabá, MT 78068-900, Brazil;5. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia de Comunidades, Cuiabá, MT 78068-900, Brazil;6. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Climate change projections for semiarid and arid North America include reductions in stream discharge that could adversely affect riparian plant species dependent on stream-derived ground water. In order to better understand this potential impact, we used a space-for-time substitution to test the hypotheses that increasing depth-to-groundwater (DGW) is inversely related to Tamarix sp. (saltcedar) flower abundance (F) and nectar production per flower (N). We also assessed whether DGW affected the richness or abundance of insects visiting flowers. We examined Tamarix floral attributes and insect visitation patterns during 2010 and 2011 at three locations along a deep DWG gradient (3.2–4.1 m) on a floodplain terrace adjacent to Las Vegas Wash, an effluent-dominated Mojave Desert stream. Flower abundance and insect visitation patterns differed between years, but no effect from DGW on either F or N was detected. An eruption of a novel non-native herbivore, the splendid tamarisk weevil (Coniatus splendidulus), likely reduced flower production in 2011. |
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| Keywords: | Desert riparian Flowers Ground water depth Las Vegas Wash Nectar Pollination Saltcedar Soil moisture |
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