Magnetic storms and their effects in the lower ionosphere: Differences in storms of various types |
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| Authors: | S N Sokolov |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radiowave Propagation, St. Petersburg Branch,Russian Academy of Sciences,St. Petersburg,Russia |
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| Abstract: | During magnetic storms (MS’s) in the ionospheric D region, changes in the electron density and corresponding effects on radiowave propagation are observed. The differences
in manifestations of MS’s in the lower ionosphere are mainly caused by the time and spatial differences in precipitations
of energetic electrons. It is shown that the observed differences in the effects of storms in the D region are related to the differences in the corresponding types of MS’s determined by the observed fluxes of energetic electrons
(E ∼ 0.1–2 MeV) at L ≈ 3–8. The storm types are identified by changes in the geomagnetic ap and AE indices and the ap/Dst and AE/Dst ratios during the recovery phase of a storm. |
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