Oil spill fishery impact assessment model: Sensitivity to spill location and timing |
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| Authors: | Malcolm L Spaulding Mark Reed Eric Anderson Tatsusaburo Isaji JCraig Swanson Saul B Saila Ernesto Lorda Henry Walker |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Ocean Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881 U.S.A.;2. Applied Science Associates, Inc. 529 Main Street, Wakefield, Rhode Island 02879 U.S.A.;3. Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | An oil spill fishery impact assessment model system has been applied to the Georges Bank-Gulf of Maine region to assess the sensitivity of probable impact on several key fisheries to spill location and timing. Simulations of the impact on the fishery of tanker spills (20 million gallons released over 5 days), at two separate locations for each season of the year, and blowout spills (68 million gallons released over 30 days) at one location, with monthly releases and at six other locations with seasonal spills have been studied. Atlantic cod has been employed as the principal fish species throughout the simulations. Impacts on Atlantic herring and haddock have also been investigated for selected cases. All spill sites are located on Georges Bank with the majority in the general region of OCS leasing activity.The results of these simulations suggest a complex interaction among spill location and timing, the spatial and temporal distribution of spawning, the population dynamics of the species under study, and the hydrodynamics of the area. For the species studied, spills occurring during the winter and spring have the largest impact with cod being the most heavily impacted followed by haddock and herring. In all cases, the maximum cumulative loss to the fishery of a one time spill event never exceeded 25% of the annual catch with the exact value depending on the number of ichthyoplankton impacted by the spill and the compensatory dynamics of the population. |
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| Keywords: | oil spills fisheries environmental impact studies numerical model Georges Bank herrings cod haddocks |
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