| 人为干扰对岩礁潮间带无脊椎动物群落结构的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 庄树宏,王克明,陈礼学.人为干扰对岩礁潮间带无脊椎动物群落结构的影响[J].海洋科学进展,2001,19(3):54-64. |
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| 作者姓名： | 庄树宏 王克明 陈礼学 |
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| 作者单位： | 烟台大学化学生物理工学院, |
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| 基金项目： | 国家海洋局重点实验室基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 对烟台海域 6个岩礁潮间带生态学统的无脊椎动物群落的研究发现 ,东方小藤壶( Chthamallus challengeri )为第一优势种。其主要优势种——密鳞牡蛎 ( Ostrea denselamellosa )、短滨螺 ( Littorina brevicula)、紫贻贝 ( Mytilus edulis)和常见种——笠贝 ( Patelloida spp.)、红条毛腹石鳖( Acanthochiton rubrolineatus)、沙参 ( Nereisspp.)、海葵 ( Anthopleura midori )在群落中的优势地位和功能有明显的区别 ,尽管 6个岩礁潮间带群落的区系成分相近。对基于 RIV、RB和 RD的优势度曲线研究发现 ,基于 RIV和 RB的优势度曲线更适合于表示和描述受人为干扰和污染的潮间带无脊椎动物群落的结构和多样性变化。研究发现 ,6个潮间带的无脊椎动物群落皆受到不同程度的干扰 ,而养马岛和芝罘岛所受的干扰最轻。 6个岩礁潮间带的群落多样性序列依次为 :芝罘岛、养马岛、石沟屯、烟台山、玉岱山、月老湾。不同岩礁潮间带群落的种类组成和结构差异主要由来自采集和旅游者的干扰 ,养殖和生活污水造成的海水富营养化所致
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| 关 键 词： | 潮间带 无脊椎动物群落 群落多样性 K-优势度曲线 干扰 |
Study on Invertebrate Communities in Rocky Intertidal Zones Influenced by Human Activities |
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| Abstract.Study on Invertebrate Communities in Rocky Intertidal Zones Influenced by Human Activities[J].Advances in Marine Science,2001,19(3):54-64. |
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| Authors: | Abstract |
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| Abstract: | It was found that Chthamallus challengeri was the most dominant species in rocky intertidal communities, and the dominance and function of chief dominant species (Ostrea denselamellosa, Littorina brevicula, Vignadula atrata, Mytilus edulis) and common species (patelloidae spp., Acanthociton rubrolineatus, Nereis spp., Anthopleura spp.) showed marked differences, though the faunal composition in the community at 6 stations seemed similar. 3 kinds of K-dominance curve based on RIV, RB and RD were used in the study. It was noticed that RB- and RIV-K-dominance curves were more useful to interpret the variation in species diversity and community structure, which was imposed by disturbance and pollution, and the result showed that all communities at 6 investigated stations were disturbed and polluted by human activities though those at Zhifu Islet and Yangma Islet were less disturbed. It was also suggested that the community diversity index (HB′, HIV, J) based on RB and RIV were suitable for illustrating the community structure and population distribution, and the 6 stations arranged in order of magnitude of H′value to be Zhifu Islet, Yangma Islet, Shigoutun, Yantai Hill, Yudai Hill and Moon Bay. The variations in community composition and structure in the investigated intertidal zones resulted mainly from human activities such as collection, tourism, water eutrophication and urban sewage discharge. |
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| Keywords: | intertidal zone community diversity invertebrate community disturbance K dominance curve |
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