| Natural Hazard Preventinkon and the Mountain Land Risk Reduction in the Western Carpathians |
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| 作者姓名： | Peter Maas Rudolf Ondráik Libor Jansky |
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| 作者单位： | Department of Engineering Geology，Faculty of Natural Sciences，Comenius University，Mlynská dolina G，842 15 Bratislava，Slovakia，Department of Engineering Geology，Faculty of Natural Sciences，Comenius University，Mlynská dolina G，842 15 Bratislava，Slovakia，Environment and Sustainable Development Programme，United Nations University，Tokyo 150-8925，Japan |
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| 摘 要： | Introduction According to the definition of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), natural hazards are naturally-occurring physical phenomena caused either by rapid or slow onset events having atmospheric, geologic and hydrologic origins on solar, global, regional, national and local scales. They include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, tsunamis, floods and drought. Natural hazards must not automatically cause disasters (UNESCO 2005). …
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Natural Hazard Preventinkon and the Mountain Land Risk Reduction in the Western Carpathians |
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| Abstract: | The Western Carpathians are located out of world main natural hazardous zones. Human casualties are related more to snow avalanches in connection with mountain hiking, some individuals yearly by flooding and rarely by forest fires. Economic lost about 0.1 to 0.2 %, exceptionally up to 0.8 % of the gross domestic product (GDP) proportionally to the Carpathian regions of particular countries. Natural disasters are linked, except of the above mentioned events, to infrequent small and medium scale earthquakes, landslides, and erosion. Records of the most harmful natural events are found in archives since the 16th century. Their systematic study and factor analysis started from the end of the 19th century, and protective measures and organization of impact mitigation developed during the 20th century to minimize the risk. |
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| Keywords: | Natural hazards Western Carpathians Slovakia |
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