| 花岗岩张拉和压剪裂隙渗透率演化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张 帆,王 亮,赵建建,吕 涛.花岗岩张拉和压剪裂隙渗透率演化研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(10):2803-2809. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张 帆 王 亮 赵建建 吕 涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 湖北工业大学 土木工程与建筑学院，湖北 武汉 430068；2. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 岩土力学和工程国家重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430071；3. 中国核电工程有限公司，北京 100840；4. 东华理工大学 建筑工程学院，江西 南昌 330013 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(No. 512095085，No.51579093)；国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（973计划）(No. 2015CB057905)；中国博士后科学基金 (No. 2013M531773)；岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室资助课题(No. Z013007)；江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(No. GJJ150575)；江西省自然科学青年基金(No. 20161BAB216142)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 地下工程开挖造成围岩破坏，其破坏方式可归纳分析为两类：张拉型破坏和压剪型破坏，这两种破坏导致的裂隙面的细观形态并不相同，这种不同的细观形态导致张拉和压剪型裂隙的渗透率表现出不同的演化规律。为此，对花岗岩进行了不同围压下三轴压缩试验，产生张拉和压剪型裂隙，进行含裂隙岩样在静水压力加载条件下渗透系数试验。试验表明，相比于含压剪裂隙试样，含张拉裂隙试样的渗透率对静水压力更敏感。进而，分别对不同围压条件下的三轴压缩试验获得的张拉和压剪裂隙面进行扫描电镜试验，获得张拉和压剪裂隙面的细观形态，花岗岩单轴压缩试验所产生的裂隙面表现为典型的张拉型裂隙，破裂面比较光滑；随着围压的不断增大，破裂面的细观形态发生明显的变化，从破裂面上可以明显地观察到逐渐增多的压剪型裂隙，破裂面比较粗糙。在静水压力的作用下，张拉裂隙较快闭合；而压剪裂隙的锯齿能够一定程度上阻止裂隙的闭合。张拉和压剪裂隙面的不同细观结构决定了含张拉和压剪裂隙岩样的不同渗透率演化规律。研究结果对于地下工程分析中确定围岩的渗透率具有一定的意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 渗透性 花岗岩 三轴压缩试验 张拉和压剪裂隙 微观力学结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-10-13 |
Evolution of permeability of granite with tensile and compressive-shear cracks |
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| ZHANG Fan,WANG Liang,ZHAO Jian-jian,Lü Tao.Evolution of permeability of granite with tensile and compressive-shear cracks[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(10):2803-2809. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Fan WANG Liang ZHAO Jian-jian Lü Tao |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 3. China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100840, China; 4. School of Civil & Architecture Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China |
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| Abstract: | The failure of surrounding rock during excavation can be generally grouped into two categories: tensile failure and compressive-shear failure. The cracks induced by the two failure types exhibit different mesoscopic configurations, which lead to different permeability evolutions of rock with tensile and compressive-shear cracks. The tensile and compressive-shear cracks of granites are firstly generated by triaxial compression tests under different confining pressures and the permeability tests are conducted on the samples with tensile and compressive-shear cracks. It is shown that the permeability of tensile cracks is more sensitive to hydrostatic pressure. In order to analyze the mesomechanical structures of cracks, the scanning electron microscope tests are also performed on the surfaces of tensile and compressive-shear cracks. The tensile cracks dominated by axial compression tests and the crack surfaces are relatively smooth. With the increase of confining pressure, the mesomechanical structures of cracks surfaces change significantly, more and more compressive-shear cracks are generated on the crack surfaces, and the crack surfaces are relatively rough. Under hydrostatic stress, the tensile cracks can be easily closed, while the concave-convex configuration of compressive-shear cracks can prevent the closure to some extent. The evolutions of permeability of granites with tensile and compressive-shear cracks are essentially dependent on the mesomechanical structures of cracks surface. The above results are helpful in determining the permeability of the surrounding rock in underground engineering. |
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| Keywords: | permeability granite triaxial compression tensile and compressive-shear cracks micromechanical structure |
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