| 基于GIS农田土地质量评价与立地分析——以京郊房山区良乡为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 聂庆华,包浩生,王海英.基于GIS农田土地质量评价与立地分析——以京郊房山区良乡为例[J].地理科学,2000,20(4):307-313. |
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| 作者姓名： | 聂庆华 包浩生 王海英 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京大学城市与资源学系，江苏南京 210093 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目!(编号 4980 10 15 ) |
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| 摘 要： | 为揭示农田利用可行性 ,提出农田立地概念 ,建立农田评价体系 ,以京郊房山区良乡为例 ,基于GIS技术评价农田质量 ,分析农田立地 ,综合评价农田 ,为划定基本农田提供客观依据 ;根据农田评价评分数值分布 ,通过模糊稀疏度算法模型 ,实现农田自动分等定级 ,减少了界定农田等级指标的主观性。
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| 关 键 词： | 农田评价 质量评价 立地分析 自动分等定级 GIS技术 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0690(2000)04-0307-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 1999年4月20日 |
The Quality Evaluation and Site Assessment of Agricultural Land Based on GIS:A Case Study in Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing |
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| NIE Qing-hua,BAO Hao-Sheng,WANG Hai-ying.The Quality Evaluation and Site Assessment of Agricultural Land Based on GIS:A Case Study in Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2000,20(4):307-313. |
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| Authors: | NIE Qing-hua BAO Hao-Sheng WANG Hai-ying |
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| Abstract: | Agricultural land evaluation is defined as evaluating land resources suitability for crop growth and ana-lyzing the feasibility of land use for agriculture. Agricultural land evaluation system is perfected based on qualityand site of farmland in order to be accustomed to the farmland protection. This system is designed as a gradationframework which includes (1)the suitable types of farmland, (2)the suitable orders of farmland, (3)the valueclasses of farmland use, and (4)land resources units. In this paper, the evaluating unit is farmland plot which isused in town area and shown on land-use map with one to ten thousands scale. Corresponding to the differentgradation of agricultural land evaluation system, the different factors evaluating farmland are chosen.
In the light of the above-mentioned agricultural land evaluation system, with Liangxiang, a town of Fang-shan District, Beijing, as an example, the operating pattern evaluating the suitable types and orders of farmlandis put forward based on GIS technique. Firstly, according to the national criteria of farmland fertility drafted byChina Ministry of Agriculture and the land evaluation framework published by FAO, the agricultural land quali-ty reference frame is established, which is composed of four kinds of factors including soil fertility, environmentcondition, engineering and management of farmland. Then farmland units which is fit to cultivation are separat-ed by "Reselect” command of PC ARC/info based on the land quality reference frame. Secondly, the selectedfarmland units are evaluated further. The farmland quality is evaluated by employing the fuzzy closeness algo-rithmic technique, and the farmland site is assessed adopting the model of factor scoring sum, then the possibili-ty and feasibility of agricultural land-use are revealed, and the prime farmland is confirmed. The data of farm-land quality factors come respectively from the datum of Fangshan soil general survey, Liangxiang topographicmap and land-use map. The power value of selected factor is determined by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Finally, according to the value distribution of farmland total score, the farmland grades are classifiedautomatically by comparing the values between the fuzzy sparseness and closeness, which is realized by VisualBasic Programs.
Based on the datum distribution patterns in Liangxiang farmland evaluation maps, some conclusions areshown as the follows: (1)The values distribution patterns of farmland quality are decided by the geographic dis-tribution of soil types. The evaluated values of farmland quality are high, which is from 0.81 to 0.97(Fig. 1).It is fully proved that the farmland is excellent in Liangxiang. (2)The values distribution patterns of farmlandsite show that the site high value is scattered in the northwestern area of Jing - Shi highway and the site low val-ue is distributed in the developing area of Liangxiang town planning (1996 - 2010). The variation range offarmland site values is large, which is from 0.04 to 0.87(Fig. 2). And the distribution patterns of Liangxiangfarmland summing-up values are similar to that of farmland site values. The variation range of farmland sum-ming-up values is from 0.21 to 0.90(Fig. 3). (3)Compared with the distribution of Liangxiang prime farmland(1996- 2010)(Fig. 4) which was drawn by Fangshan House Land Administrative Bureau, the datum distribu-tion patterns of the farmland evaluation summing-up values in Liangxiang is acceptable. The conclusions ofLiangxiang farmland evaluation are practicable. |
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| Keywords: | Agricultural land evaluation system Farmland quality evaluation Farmland site assessment Fuzzy sparseness GIS technique |
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