Estimating instantaneous concentration of suspended sediment using acoustic backscatter from an ADV |
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| Authors: | Wenjie Li Shengfa Yang Wei Yang Yi Xiao Xuhui Fu Shuaishuai Zhang |
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| Institution: | 1. National Inland Waterway Regulation Engineering Research Center, Chongqing Jiaotong University, 66 Xuefu Road, Nan’an District, Chongqing 400074, China;2. Changjiang Chongqing Harbour and Waterway Engineering Investigation and Design Institute, Chongqing, China;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa;2. Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Multi-scale Modelling of Multiphase Processes, Johannes Kepler University, Austria;1. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, 100084, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China;3. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, Center for Coastal Resource Management, Gloucester Point, VA, 23062, USA;1. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 941 rue Charles Bourseul, BP 10838, 59508 Douai, France;2. Toulouse University, Mines Albi, CNRS, RAPSODEE Center, Campus Jarlard, F-81013 Albi cedex 09, France;3. SOLVAY SA, DCRT, rue de Ransbeek 310, B-1120 Bruxelles, Germany;4. PRAYON SA, rue J. Wauters, Engis, Belgium;1. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;2. Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited, Kunming 650041, China |
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| Abstract: | The measurement of instantaneous sediment concentration remains a challenging task. In this study, a three-step procedure is proposed to estimate instantaneous sediment concentration using acoustic backscatter from Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The influences of acoustic noise and particle diameter on an ADV?s performance was first tested in the laboratory, then the three-step procedure was verified based on field measurements in the Zhongxian and Fengjie reaches in the Three Gorges Reservoir. The first step involves reconstructing the backscatter signal time series. Due to contamination from both the noise floor and spurious spikes, the denoising-despiking method was applied instead of the traditional velocity-despiking methods, and this approach performed well based on spectrum analysis. The second step involves calibrating the sediment concentration against the backscatter signal. A linear relation, whose slope and intercept were calibrated to be dependent on particle diameter, is proposed in double logarithmic coordinates. The third step involves calculating the instantaneous sediment concentration using reconstructed instantaneous backscatter based on the proposed relation. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated through consideration of the concentration spectrum and sediment flux, indicating that the proposed three-step procedure is effective for the measurement of instantaneous sediment concentration. |
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| Keywords: | Instantaneous sediment concentration Acoustic backscatter intensity Denoising-despiking Particle diameter Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter |
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