| 呼伦贝尔草原沙漠化系统学机制初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 周尧治,郭玉海,翟志席.呼伦贝尔草原沙漠化系统学机制初步研究[J].干旱区地理,2006,29(3):331-337. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周尧治 郭玉海 翟志席 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京,100094 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家防沙治沙关键技术研究课题 |
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| 摘 要： | 呼伦贝尔草原生态系统在最近50年来的演化中最突出的特征是：社会经济子系统急剧扩张,呼伦贝尔草原承载的人口从1949年的72879人发展到2004年的689317,55年人口增加了9．5倍；呼伦贝尔草原承载的牲畜数量从1949年的110．6万头只(大畜27．7万头,小畜82．9万只)增加到了2004年的677万头只(大畜64．8万头,小畜612．2万只),55年呼伦贝尔草原承载的家畜增加了6．1倍。呼伦贝尔草原的沙漠化的系统学机制是：在微观层次上,各子系统内部,及系统的内外环境均存在有利于草原沙漠化的因素,并且各组有利于沙漠化发生的因子在时间和空间上耦合,这构成了草原沙漠化的微观基础；在宏观层次上,由于草原社会经济子系统近年来急剧扩张,草原生态系统的系统结构不合理及系统功能混乱,在全球气候外因的作用下导致了呼伦贝尔草原生态经济系统草原基质子系统和草原植物子系统局部崩溃,这构成了草原沙漠化的宏观动力。本文的目的是用系统科学的理论更全面更科学地分析草原沙漠化的发生机制。
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| 关 键 词： | 呼伦贝尔草原 沙漠化 生态系统 系统学 机制 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-6060（2006）03-0331-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-10-27 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-01-16 |
Desertification mechanism of Hulunbeir Grassland with system science |
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| ZHOU Yao-zhi,GUO Yu-hai,ZHAI Zhi-xi.Desertification mechanism of Hulunbeir Grassland with system science[J].Arid Land Geography,2006,29(3):331-337. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Yao-zhi GUO Yu-hai ZHAI Zhi-xi |
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| Institution: | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China |
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| Abstract: | With the concept of the science of system,Hulunbeier grassland ecosystem consists of grassland human society and economy subsystem,grassland animal subsystem,grassland plant subsystem,fundus subsystem and interior environment system.The most outstanding characteristics of Hulunbeir grassland ecosystem evolvement in recent 50 a is rapid overspreading of grassland huaman society and economy subsystem. The population in Hulunbeir grassland increased from 72 879 in 1949 to 689 317 in 2004 by 9.5 times.The livestocks in Hulunbeir grassland increased from 1.106 million in 1949 to 6.770 million in 2004 by 6.1 times. The mechanism of Hulunbeier grassland desertification is as follows:on the microcosmic level,there are facts in every subsystem and systemic interior and exterior environment that accelerate grassland desertification.And the factors coupling on time and space,which form the microcosmic groundwork;on the macrocosmic level,owning to the rapid outspread of grassland society and economy subsystem,Hulunbeier grassland ecosystem interior structure and function become incongruity,which causes grassland fundus subsystem and grassland plant subsystem collapse locally under the influence of the globe environment.This paper tries to use the science of system to analyze the mechanism of grassland desertification in comprehensive way. |
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| Keywords: | Hulunheir grassland desertification ecosystem the science of system mechanism |
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