Zur Bewegung der Iranisch-Afghanischen Platte |
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Authors: | Dr Klaus Krumsiek |
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Institution: | (1) Present address: Geologisches Institut, Nußallee 8, D 53 Bonn |
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Abstract: | Zusammenfassung Paläomagnetische Untersuchungen auf der geologisch und seismotektonisch definierten iranisch-afghanischen Platte lieferten folgende Pollagen: Perm 42 W 8 N, Unterkreide 43 W 65 N, Alttertiär 100 W 75 N, Jungtertiär 130 W 78 N. Diese paläomagnetischen Ergebnisse sowie Bruchzonen und magnetische Streifenmuster im Indischen Ozean erlauben eine Rekonstruktion der Bewegung dieser Platte vom Ostrand Gondwanas an den Südrand Laurasias. Nach der präpermischen Abtrennung von Gondwana driftet die Platte unter sinistraler Eigenrotation nach Norden kollidiert bis zur Unterkreide mit der russischen Platte. Noch vor dem Alttertiär erreicht die arabische Platte den Südwestrand der iranisch-afghanischen Platte. Die indische Platte rückt von Südosten her nach und drängt den afghanischen Krustenbereich seit dem Jungtertiär nach Nordwesten. Die Kollisionen werden durch Faltungen auf den jeweils beteiligten Platten markiert.
Paleomagnetic investigations of the Iranian-Afghanian Plate — well defined by geological history and seismotectonics yield following pole positions: Permian 42 W 8 N, lower Cretaceous 43 W 65 N, lower Tertiary 100 W 75 N, upper Tertiary 130 W 78 N. These paleomagnetic results, supported by fracture zones and magnetic anomalies of the Indian Ocean floor make it possible to reconstruct the plate movement from the eastern margin of Gondwana to the southern margin of Laurasia. After the prepermian separation from Gondwana the Afghan-Iranian Plate moves northward rotating anticlockwise and collides with the Russian Plate until lower Cretaceous time. Earlier than lower Tertiary the Arabian Plate reaches at the SW margin of the Afghan-Iranian Plate. The Indian Plate, moving forward from SE pushes the Afghan continental crust in northward direction since upper Tertiary time. The collisions are marked by foldings at the plates involved.
Résumé Des recherches paléomagnétiques sur la plateforme irano-afghane bien définie par l'histoire géologique et la séismique ont donné les positions suivantes pour le pôle magnetique nord: permien 42 W 8 N, crétacé inférieur 43 W 65 N, tertiaire inférieur 100 W 75 N, tertiaire supérieur 130 W 78 N. Ces résultats paléomagnétiques ainsi que les zônes de fracture et les anomalies magnétiques dans l'Océan Indien, permettent de reconstruire le mouvement de cette plateforme à partir du bord est du Gondwana jusqu'au bord méridional de Laurasie. Après la séparation prépermienne du Gondwana, elle dérive vers le nord avec un mouvement rotatoire vers la gauche pour se heurter au crétacé inférieur à la plateforme russe. Avant le tertiaire inférieur la plateforme arabe atteint le bord sudouest de la plateforme irano-afghane. La plateforme indienne la suit du sudest et pousse à partir du tertiaire supérieur la croûte continentale de l'Afghanistan vers le nordouest. Des plissements sur chacune des plaques ayant pris part aux mouvements marquent les collisions.
![Kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1050.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![zhcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1078.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![Pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1055.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) 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![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1095.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) — 100 W 75 N; 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![Pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1055.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) -![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1084.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![Gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1043.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![jcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1081.gif) ![fcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1092.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![shchcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1097.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1091.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1091.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zhcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1078.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![mcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1091.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![fcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1092.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) . ![IEcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1045.gif) ![shchcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1097.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1095.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![bcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1073.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![fcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1092.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1084.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![yucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1102.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) -![zcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![fcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1092.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) . ![Icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1048.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![jcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1081.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1091.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![yucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1102.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) -![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1079.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1095.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![yacy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1103.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![fcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1092.gif) ![gcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1075.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1085.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1091.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) . ![rcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1091.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1101.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1079.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![yacy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1103.gif) ![vcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![yacy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1103.gif) ![iecy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1082.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![dcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1076.gif) ![chcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1095.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1091.gif) ![chcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1095.gif) ![acy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1091.gif) ![yucy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1102.gif) ![shchcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1097.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x5208170t7402740/xxlarge1080.gif) .
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本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
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