| 数字制图中地图符号的标准化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王均,王红,陈向东.数字制图中地图符号的标准化研究[J].地球信息科学,2003,5(2):16-19. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王均 王红 陈向东 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国测绘科学研究院, 北京 100039 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技基础性工作专项资金项目,2 0 0 1DEA2 0 0 17 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着地理信息技术和数字技术的发展,电子地图的制作日益简便,应用日益普及,数字化网络化传播日益广泛,故此,电子地图符号的规范化、标准化势在必行,以保证地理信息感知和认知的一致性和准确性。在传统纸张地图图式规范的基础上,本项研究参照国际类似的标准文本,电子地图符号体系和符号实体应当适应数字技术和视觉环境的变化,进行合理的改进,原则上继承纸张地图符号的内容分类体系和形状分类体系,延续长期以来形成的纸张地图阅读的地理信息传输与读者认同的惯性。在深入审视符号视觉变量及符号视屏显示的复杂特征之后,提出对基本符号实体内容适当简化、对符号色彩、图元组合关系适当调整的实验方案,在通用地理信息系统软件平台上制作了基本地理底图的符号库标准草案,通过相关地图项目进行了大量的效果对比试验,并多次征求同行意见进行了补充、修改和完善,并在“中国空间信息网”网站上发布。
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| 关 键 词： | 电子地图 地理空间信息 地图符号 标准 |
| 收稿时间： | 2002-10-26; |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年10月26 |
The Symbology Standards for the Electronic Cartography |
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| WANG Jun,WANG Hong,CHEN Xiangdong.The Symbology Standards for the Electronic Cartography[J].Geo-information Science,2003,5(2):16-19. |
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| Authors: | WANG Jun WANG Hong CHEN Xiangdong |
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| Institution: | Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100039 |
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| Abstract: | Over the past few years, digital process to map design and making has become popular.Several of map symbol patterns were introduced into the manifest on screen and widespread with the network.So, there is the urgent need to promote the guideline or standard for electronic maps compilation, especially in symbology and the related database design, to ensure the information of the geographical entity carried on the symbol right convey on the map, and to be recognized by the map reader in various fields.For the challenging work on map symbols, the useful and effective ideas in the international reference and local domestic document related with map symbols were introduced and with careful evaluation.According to the characteristics of screen manifest of electronic map, the past map legend for paper media topographic map or general geographical base map would be improved for the specific visual environment, especially on the usage of color, the shape of elements of symbol, and the complex composition of map elements.As the research conclusion, the list of symbol system divided into 2 catalogs of content list and shape list.The map symbol content list is mainly derived from existing standards about the fundamental geographical feature catalogue, with the addition of new coming features like highway facilities, entertainment facilities, etc.the visual element of color is recognized as the first to distinguish the high level feature catalogue, such as river, boundary, residence, road and railway, etc.For more, the different effects of other visual variables, such as shape, size, fill texture, on the symbol of electronic map was discussed with the practice on the compilation of fundamental geography base maps, and forestry maps, with the popularized GIS software of ARCGIS.The proposed standard on the symbol list is in the evaluation stage and would be improved with worthwhile comments from the cartographic colleagues. |
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| Keywords: | Electronic map Geo-spatial information Map symbol Standard |
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