Earthquake source as an object of geological study |
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| Authors: | V V Ruzhich |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Earth’s Crust, Siberian Branch,Russian Academy of Sciences,Irkutsk,Russia |
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| Abstract: | The paper presents the results of long-term geological-geophysical studies of the author, which have a direct relationship
to the structure and development of the sources of the strong earthquakes that occurred on the territory of Mongolia and the
Baikal rift zone. They left imprints in the form of seismic dislocations in the near-surface layers or in the form of thermally
treated rocks (pseudo-tachylites), considered as evidence of the manifestation of seismogenic motions in the segments of seismoactive
faults at depths of 10–20 km. It was revealed that in the regions of the manifestation of denudation shear on the Earth’s
surface with a length of many kilometers it is possible to identify the deep fragments of faults, in which previously the
signs of rapid seismogenic motions along the faults had been manifested. Such deep fragments are revealed from the presence
of friction planes, covered by the finest glass films, which arose under the strong frictional heating of rocks before the
stage of melting. In this way, the possibility of studying such sections of zones of seismo-generating faults is validated,
considering them as deep fragments of earthquake sources, which occurred many million years ago.
New information on the instrumental measurements of the velocity of motions in the seismoactive faults is also discussed in
the work. The ideas on the mechanisms of generating seismic vibrations in the fault zones are presented. The conclusion that
the lower segments of faults in the source regions of earthquakes are capable of penetrating rapidly at depths of 25–40 km,
where the viscoplastic deformations of rocks predominate, causing their nonlinear behavior, is substantiated. On the development
of the new models of earthquake sources, more adequate to geological conditions, it is expedient to consider the ideas presented
in the paper |
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