Chronicle of the 1865, NE flank eruption of Mt. Etna and geomorphologic survey of the Mts. Sartorius area |
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| Authors: | Pietro Carveni Giuliana Mele Santo Benfatto Sebastiano Imposa Maria Salleo Puntillo |
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| Institution: | 1.Catania,Italy;2.Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia,Roma,Italy;3.Paternò,Italy;4.Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche,Università di Catania,Catania,Italy |
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| Abstract: | The row of pyroclastic cones named Mts. Sartorius, outcropping on the NE flank of Etna, formed in 1865 during a lateral eruption
that lasted about 6 months. The event was eye witnessed and described by numerous scientists and reporters. In this work,
we use their observations to reconstruct the eruption chronology and scenario, and carry out a detailed geomorphologic survey
to identify the eruptive features and pyroclastic deposits. The 1865 eruption began on 29 January along a segment of the main
system of fractures oriented ENE–WSW, radial to the central conduit. After 30 January, a secondary system of fractures trending
NNW–SSE was simultaneously active. The six larger Mts. Sartorius cones developed since 3 February along the lower extension
of the radial system. They are markedly asymmetric due to the persistent winds blowing at the time and to the pre-existing
topography formed on underlying deposits, previously unreported, that we have recognized. Now, about 150 years after the eruption,
most of the eruptive vents and fractures are no longer observable in the field, being mostly hidden by products of subsequent
phases of the eruption and by younger epiclastic deposits. |
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