Mapping ecosystem services for marine spatial planning: Recreation opportunities in Sub-Antarctic Chile |
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| Institution: | 1. Instituto de Economía Agraria, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile;2. Centro de Investigación en Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile;3. Wildlife Conservation Society – Chile, Balmaceda 586, Punta Arenas, Chile;4. Programa de Magister en Desarrollo Rural, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile;1. Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;2. Department of Geography, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;3. Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore;1. South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Stanley, FIQQ 1ZZ, Falkland Islands;2. School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;1. Universidad de Los Lagos. Dept. de Ciencias Sociales. Campus Osorno. Chile;2. Programa Atlas.Atlas, Universidad de Los Lagos. Dept. de Ciencias Sociales, Campus Osorno, Chile;3. Universidad de Los Lagos. Dept. de Ciencias Biologicas y Biodiversidad. Campus Osorno, Chile;4. Identidad Territorial Lafkenche. Lafkenche, Temuco, Chile;5. Faculty of Political Sciences, University Santiago de Compostela, Spain;6. Campus do Mar-International Campus of Excellence, Vigo, Pontevedra. Spain;1. Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany;2. Mount Allison University, 144 Main Street, Sackville, NB, E4L 1A7, Canada;3. Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3A 5R7, Canada;4. Institute for Resources Environment and Sustainability, Institute for Resources Environment and Sustainability, Aquatic Ecosystem Research Laboratory, 429-2202 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z4, Canada;5. United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, CB3 0DL, UK;6. Centre for Marine and Coastal Policy Research, School of Marine Science and Engineering, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK;7. Marine Scotland Science, Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, PO Box 101, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK;8. NAFC Marine Centre, University of the Highlands and Islands, Port Arthur, Scalloway, Shetland, ZE1 0UN, UK;9. Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK;1. California Polytechnic State University, USA;2. University of Queensland, Australia;3. UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Norway |
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| Abstract: | The ecosystem services approach has increasingly emerged as a core requirement of ecosystem-based management of the marine space. In this context, explicit quantification and mapping of ecosystem services is considered key. This research proposes a methodological framework that combines Geographic Information Systems and participatory techniques to map the ecosystem service of recreation opportunities, provided by coastal and marine ecosystems. Attributes selected to represent the ecosystem service were scenic beauty, unique natural resources, accessibility, cultural sites and tourism use aptitude. High values of the indicator concentrated on areas that combined the presence of unique marine fauna (e.g. Southern Elephant Seal, Mirounga leonina), terrestrial and marine routs, and areas of high scenic beauty, associated to the presence of glaciers. These areas corresponded to the southern part of Almirantazgo Sound, the northern part of Navarino Island on the coast of the Beagle Channel, and to areas surrounding Wulaia fishermen's cove. Zones showing highest values of the indicator 81–100) comprised 0.89% of the study area and a small proportion of them coincided with areas of aptitude for aquaculture, which represents potential use conflicts, as long as aquaculture concessions remain operative. In turn, the areas of lowest values 0–20) were located offshore in open sea, and comprised 0.49% of the study area. Overall, the methodology demonstrated the capacity to identify potential recreation areas to inform regional decision making regarding marine use planning. |
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| Keywords: | Southern Patagonia Marine conservation Cultural ecosystem services Coastal communities Sub Antarctic Ocean |
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