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Air-sea fluxes: 25 years of progress |
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| Authors: | Stuart D Smith Christopher W Fairall Gerald L Geernaert Lutz Hasse |
| Institution: | (1) Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, B2Y 4A2 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada;(2) NOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory, 80303 Boulder, CO, USA;(3) Department of Emissions and Air Pollution, National Environmental Research Institute, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;(4) Institut für Meereskunde, Universität Kiel, D24105 Kiel, Germany |
| Abstract: | During the past quarter century the study of air-sea interaction has evolved from a small branch of marine climatology to play a key role in the modelling of the coupled system of ocean and atmosphere. Knowledge of air- sea fluxes has grown, based on Monin-Obukhov similarity theory for surface boundary layers and on direct and indirect techniques of measuring the fluxes. This has been the basis for providing boundary conditions needed to couple atmospheric and oceanic circulation models that are used to forecast weather and climate. An overview of current understanding is followed by a discussion of parameterisation schemes and a chronicle of some of the experimental work that has tested theories and quantified their conclusions. |
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