| 西北地区冰川径流变化的某些特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 叶佰生,韩添丁.西北地区冰川径流变化的某些特征[J].冰川冻土,1999,21(1):54-58. |
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| 作者姓名： | 叶佰生 韩添丁 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所!兰州７３００００ |
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| 摘 要： | 由于冰川的存在及其退缩，乌鲁木齐河源１号冰川的径流量高出同等条件下非冰川区径流量的６１％，其中９２％是由于冰川退缩和减薄补给的．７０年代中期开始的气候变暖引起的冰川径流增加过程，在冰川补给最丰富的塔里木河流域年径流系列中有一定程度的反映，特别是在冰川覆盖率较大（＞５％）的河流，１９７７～１９８９年与１９５６～１９７６年相比，在冰川补给最大的８月份，降水减少，气温升高，而山区径流明显增大；根据不同方法对冰川物质平衡的研究成果表明，若气温升高１℃，冰川径流的增加幅度不小于目前冰川径流的５０％，也就是说冰川的存在可以在一定程度和时间内抵消或减弱气候变暖对西北干旱区水资源的不利影响
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| 关 键 词： | 冰川径流 西北地区 水资源 气候变暖 |
Some Changing Characteristics of Glacier Streamflow in Northwest ChinaYE Baisheng HAN Tianding DING Yongjian |
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| Institution: | (Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000) |
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| Abstract: | Based on the records of glacierstreamflow in the upper Urumqi River and in otherareas of Northwest China, the paper analyzed thechange of glacier streamflow and its effect on alpinestreamflow. Results show that the streamtlow fromGlacier No.1 in the source of the Urumqi River is61% higher than that from non-glacial area in thesame condition, of which 92% is produced by retreatof glacier.In the whole Northwest China, increase ofthe streamflow produced by retreating glacier sincethe 1950s or earlier can not be obtained because ofshort of hydrological record. However, increasingstreamflow produced by climate warming since themiddle of the 1970s has appeared in Tarim catchmentwhere supply of glacier runoff is abundant. Particularly in the area with glacier coverage higher than 5%, inAugust, the month with maximum glacier runoff, precipitation reduced, temperature rised and the alpinestreamflow markedly increased in 1977-1989 as compared with 1956-1976. Through analyzing mass bal-ance by various methods, it is found that glacierstreamflow will increase by 50% of the present glacierstreamflow as temperature rises by 1C, indicatingthat existence of glacier can relieve partially the impact of climate warming on water resources in Northwest China. |
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| Keywords: | glacier streamflow Northwest China water resources climate warming |
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