| 帕米尔高原东部地区4-9月降水日变化特征研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 艾克代.帕米尔高原东部地区4-9月降水日变化特征研究[J].新疆气象,2022,16(6):42-50. |
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| 作者姓名： | 艾克代 |
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| 作者单位： | 克州气象局 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2018010) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于帕米尔高原东部100个气象站2013-2019年4-9月逐小时降水观测资料，分析了帕米尔高原东部降水量、降水频次和降水强度时空变化特征。结果表明：帕米尔高原东部年平均降水量呈南部少于北部，平原少于山区的特征。降水频次集中在西部山区，东南部最少。研究区北部和盆地边缘的降水强度大于西部和西南部的山区。逐月降水量呈北部和西北部高，盆地西部边缘地区最少，8月最多，4月最少。年平均降水频次逐月空间分布呈高值主要集中在研究区北部和西部，低值主要集中在盆地西部的边缘区域的特征。逐月降水强度的空间分布与降水量和频次也存在较大差异，降水强度在中间平原地区在4月最强。小时降水量峰值主要出现在12—23时，低值出现在00—10时。小时降水频次15时至次日 01时为强度高值时段，14—20时具有增长趋势。小时降水强度在日出前后达到最大值，其中00—09时为高值时段，10—23时为低值时段。帕米尔高原东部地区各月小时平均降水量主要集中在18时左右，降水频次主要集中在18—23时，夜间降水强度略微高于白天。年平均降水量，降水频次及降水强度与海拔高度之间存在明显的相关性，大概2500 m 以下降水量随着海拔高度的升高而增加，2500 m 以上降水量随着海拔高度的升高而降低。降水频次在3000 m 以下随着海拔高度的升高而增多，3000 m以上随着海拔高度的升高而减少。整体来讲，降水强度与海拔高度整体来呈负相关性，降水强度随着海拔高度的升高而减弱；大概2500 m 以下降水强度随着海拔高度而加强，2500 m 以上降水强度随着海拔高度的升高而减弱。
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| 关 键 词： | 帕米尔高原东部 降水频数 降水强度 日变化特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/7/7 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/12/11 0:00:00 |
Study on diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation from April to September in the eastern parts of the Pamir Plateau |
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| aikedai.Study on diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation from April to September in the eastern parts of the Pamir Plateau[J].Bimonthly of Xinjiang Meteorology,2022,16(6):42-50. |
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| Authors: | aikedai |
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| Abstract: | Based on the hourly precipitation observation data form 100 weather stations in the eratern parts of the Pamir plateau from April to September in 2013-2019, the spatiao-temporal characteristics of precipitation, precipitation frequency and precipitation intensity are analyzed. Results show that the annual average rainfall in south is less than the north, and in plain is less than the mountain.The high precipitation frequency is concentrated in the western mountain area, while the low values is in the southeast. The precipitation intensity in the northern parts of the study area and western edge of the TB basin is greater than the western and southwestern mountain area. Monthly precipitation in the north and northwest is higher than western edge of the basin, with highest in August and the least in March. The average annual precipitation frequency mainly concentrated in the northern and western parts of the study area, while the low values are in the western marginal area of the basin. Spatial distribution characteristics of monthly precipitation intensity are also quite different from the precipitation frequency. Precipitation intensity is the strongest in March and April in the Middle Plains. The peak value of hourly precipitation mainly occurs between 12:00-23:00, while 00:00-10:00 is the low value period. Hourly high precipitation frequency observed 15:00 to 01:00 of the next day, and 14:00-20:00 have an increasing trend. Hourly precipitation intensity peak values observed around sunrise, in which the high value period of 00:00-09:00 and the low value period of 10:00-23:00. Monthly average hourly precipitation in the study area is mainly observed at around 18:00, and the precipitation frequency is mainly observed at 18:00-23:00. At night, precipitation intensity is slightly higher than during the day. There is a clear correlation between the average annual precipitation, precipitation frequency and intensity with altitude. Precipitation below 2500 m increases with the increase in altitude, while precipitation above 2500 m decreases with the increase in altitude. The precipitation frequency below 3000 m increases with the increase in altitude, while precipitation frequency above 3000 m decreases with the increase in altitude. Generally speaking, there is a negative correlation between precipitation intensity and altitude. Precipitation intensity decreases with the altitude increases; the precipitation intensity below 2500 m increases with the altitude, while above 2500 m decreases with the increase of altitude. |
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| Keywords: | Pamir plateau Precipitation frequency Precipitation intensity Diurnal variation characteristics |
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