Constitutive Relationships for Elastic Deformation of Clay Rock: Data Analysis |
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| Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">H?H?LiuEmail author J?Rutqvist J?T?Birkholzer |
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| Institution: | (1) Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Geological repositories have been considered a feasible option worldwide for storing high-level nuclear waste. Clay rock is
one of the rock types under consideration for such purposes, because of its favorable features to prevent radionuclide transport
from the repository. Coupled hydromechanical processes have an important impact on the performance of a clay repository, and
establishing constitutive relationships for modeling such processes are essential. In this study, we propose several constitutive
relationships for elastic deformation in indurated clay rocks based on three recently developed concepts. First, when applying
Hooke’s law in clay rocks, true strain (rock volume change divided by the current rock volume), rather than engineering strain
(rock volume change divided by unstressed rock volume), should be used, except when the degree of deformation is very small.
In the latter case, the two strains will be practically identical. Second, because of its inherent heterogeneity, clay rock
can be divided into two parts, a hard part and a soft part, with the hard part subject to a relatively small degree of deformation
compared with the soft part. Third, for swelling rock like clay, effective stress needs to be generalized to include an additional
term resulting from the swelling process. To evaluate our theoretical development, we analyze uniaxial test data for core
samples of Opalinus clay and laboratory measurements of single fractures within macro-cracked Callovo-Oxfordian argillite
samples subject to both confinement and water reduced swelling. The results from this evaluation indicate that our constitutive
relationships can adequately represent the data and explain the related observations. |
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