| 海上风电场建设与运行对渔业资源群落结构及空间分布的影响研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 汪润芝,原峰,李崇淑,龙焰,许清燕,奚冰柔,冼嘉俊,叶锦韶.海上风电场建设与运行对渔业资源群落结构及空间分布的影响研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2022,39(12):98-106. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汪润芝 原峰 李崇淑 龙焰 许清燕 奚冰柔 冼嘉俊 叶锦韶 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东省海洋发展规划研究中心;暨南大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省自然资源厅2021年度海洋综合管理专项资金项目(440000210000000019652)；广东省促进经济高质量发展专项资金(海洋经济发展用途)项目(GDOE[2019]A09). |
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| 摘 要： | 作为新能源发展的前沿领域，海上风电发展迅猛，然而大规模发展海上风电给海洋生态环境带来的潜在影响尚不明确。为评估海上风电场建设与运行对相关海域渔业资源的影响，文章于2021年在桂山海上风电场海域开展渔业资源调查，对比分析风电场内外、风电建设区和运行区以及风电场建设前后的渔业资源群落结构、优势种、物种更替率、资源密度和空间分布特征。研究结果表明：7-9月和12月航次分别捕获游泳动物84种、88种、105种和99种，其中鱼类和甲壳类居多，任意2个航次间的物种更替率变化范围为41.0%~93.4%；12月的Shannon-Wiener指数和丰富度指数均最高，7月的Pielou均匀度指数最高；与风电场建设前相比，风电场建设活动在建设阶段短期内改变渔业群落结构和优势种组成，降低渔业群落多样性和资源密度；风电场运行阶段的渔业资源种类数量和资源密度均有所恢复，风电桩基具有一定的人工鱼礁效应。研究结果将为海上风电场建设和运行对渔业资源的长期影响研究提供基础数据和决策指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 渔业资源 群落多样性 优势种 生态环境 海上风电场 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/10/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/11/22 0:00:00 |
Effects Research of Offshore Wind Form Construction and Operation on Fishery Resources Community Structure and Spatial Distribution |
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| WANG Runzhi,YUAN Feng,LI Chongshu,LONG Yan,XU Qingyan,XI Bingrou,XIAN Jiajun,YE Jinshao.Effects Research of Offshore Wind Form Construction and Operation on Fishery Resources Community Structure and Spatial Distribution[J].Ocean Development and Management,2022,39(12):98-106. |
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| Authors: | WANG Runzhi YUAN Feng LI Chongshu LONG Yan XU Qingyan XI Bingrou XIAN Jiajun YE Jinshao |
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| Abstract: | Offshore wind forms(OWF), as frontier fields of new energy,are developing rapidly. However, the potential impacts of large-scale development of OWF on marine ecology remain unclear. To assess the effects of construction and operation of OWF on fishery resource, surveys were conducted in the Guishan OWF, 2021.The community structure, dominant species, species replacement ratio, resource density and spatial distribution of fishery resource both in construction, operation and surrounding areas were analyzed before and after construction of the OWF. The results showed that 84, 88, 105 and 99 species mainly including fish and crustaceans were identified in July, August, September and December, respectively. The species replacement ratios were 41.0%~93.4% between any two surveys. The Shannon-Wiener index and richness index in December were the maximum values; the highest Pielou index was in July. Compared with the baseline, the construction of OWF changed the structure of community and dominant species, decreased the fishery biodiversity and resource density. There is an artificial reef effect in the pile foundations of OWF. This study will provide the basic data and decision guidance for the long term effects of construction and operation of OWF on fishery resource. |
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