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Comparative study of specific groundwater vulnerability of a karst aquifer in central Florida |
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| Authors: | PE van Beynen MA Niedzielski |
| Institution: | a Department of Geography, Environment and Planning, University of South Florida, NES 107, Tampa, FL 33620, USA b Department of Geography, University of North Dakota, 221 Centennial Drive Stop 9020, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA c Kleinfelder Environmental Services, 1174 Camp Avenue, Mount Dora, FL 32757, USA |
| Abstract: | The Floridan aquifer system (FAS) is known to be one of the most productive aquifer systems in the USA. With the FAS being a karst aquifer, it presents unique challenges to land use planners because of inherent vulnerabilities to contamination through direct connections between the aquifer and the surface. In this study a new Geographic Information Systems (GIS) -based index, the Karst Aquifer Vulnerability Index (KAVI), incorporates geologic layers used in intrinsic groundwater vulnerability models (GVMs) plus an epikarst layer specific to karst, with land use coverages to create a specific groundwater vulnerability model. The KAVI model was compared to another specific vulnerability model, the Susceptibility Index (SI). Tabulation of the percentage areas of vulnerability classes reveals major differences between the two models with SI suggesting greater vulnerability for the study area than KAVI. Validation of these two models found that KAVI vulnerability levels best reproduced spatially varying concentrations of nitrate in the aquifer. Sensitivity analysis, the application of a variation index and measuring the effective weights for each parameter included in KAVI confirmed the importance of closed depressions but also aquifer hydraulic conductivity. The inclusion of land use was justified; however, effective weight analysis determined its assigned weight was too high as used in the initial calculation of KAVI. |
| Keywords: | Karst groundwater Specific vulnerability models Florida Contamination |
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