Mesoscale flow over complex terrain — A field study in the Lake Kinneret area |
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| Authors: | E Asculai E Doron B Terliuc |
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| Institution: | (1) Nuclear Research Centre — Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Beer-Sheva, Israel |
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| Abstract: | A two week observation program was carried out in the summer of 1981 in the Lake Kinneret (Northern Israel) area. The main purpose was to study the mesoscale flow patterns in and around the lake valley and compare them with the results of mesoscale model simulations in the same area. The main effort of the program was directed to the determination of three dimensional trajectories from various points around the valley. For that purpose a new method for the deployment of relatively long term no-lift balloons was used. In addition, surface observations as well as upper air wind observations using pibals were taken at four fixed locations along a straight line across the lake valley. Based on previous studies using surface observations and model results it appeared that the flow regime was determined by the combination of three main mechanisms: the Mediterranean sea breeze, the lake breeze and the mountain-valley wind. This combination results in a daily cycle divided into three distinct flow regimes. The results of the present experiment confirm this basic classification as well as the general structure of the flow for each of the three regimes. The experiment also confirmed the assumption that the large scale synoptic flow has only a minor influence in the valley, and contributes only to the general direction of the winds. In spite of the overall agreement several deficiencies of the model simulations came to light as a result of the experiment. These have to do with the horizontal and vertical resolutions employed in the models, with the fact that all of them were two dimensional (even though several of the models are capable of three dimensional simulations), and with the fact that most of them use the hydrostatic approximation. Due to the lack of appropriate equipment no vertical soundings were performed in order to determine the thermal and humidity stratification. These will have to be completed in subsequent experiments in order to provide the missing data. |
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