| 矿山生态修复监测指标体系构建与应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 岳永胜,罗志远,姬霖.矿山生态修复监测指标体系构建与应用[J].测绘通报,2022,0(12):136-140. |
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| 作者姓名： | 岳永胜 罗志远 姬霖 |
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| 作者单位： | 自然资源部第二地形测量队, 陕西 西安 710054 |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西测绘地理信息局科技创新项目（SCK2020-07） |
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| 摘 要： | 目前，国内外对矿山生态修复工程实施后，修复成效监测缺少一套完整的监测指标体系。为推动矿山生态修复监测指标体系的构建，本文从矿山生态修复监测的基本内容、监测指标选取等方面开展研究，从水环境、土壤环境、地表环境、地质环境、生态修复综合效益5个方面，构建了一套科学评价矿山生态修复成效的监测指标体系。将指标体系应用于陕西省神木市某煤矿的生态修复监测，并采用GIS分析和样本监测等手段进行验证，评价矿山生态修复的整体效果。试验结果表明，土壤环境各指标中，反映土壤物理性质的土层厚度指标较好；地表水质污染较少，基本没有微生物和有机物污染，水质偏碱性，与矿区内土壤一致偏碱性；植被覆盖和生境质量指数较好；矿山生态修复区域的沉降区域比例较小；矿山生态修复的综合效益指标表现不佳。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态修复监测 指标体系 矿山修复 地理国情 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-11-23 |
Construction and application of monitoring index for mine ecological restoration |
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| YUE Yongsheng,LUO Zhiyuan,JI Lin.Construction and application of monitoring index for mine ecological restoration[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2022,0(12):136-140. |
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| Authors: | YUE Yongsheng LUO Zhiyuan JI Lin |
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| Institution: | The Second Topographic Surveying Brigade of MRN, Xi'an 710054, China |
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| Abstract: | At present, there is a lack of a complete monitoring index system for the monitoring of mine ecological restoration project effect in China. In order to promote the construction of mine ecological restoration monitoring index system, this research builds a set of scientific evaluation index system of mining ecological restoration results monitoring technology from the basic content of mine ecological restoration monitoring, the aspect such as the selection of monitoring indicators research, innovation from water environment, soil environment, the surface environment and geological environment, ecological restoration comprehensive benefit. The index system is applied in the ecological restoration monitoring of a coal mine in Shenmu city, Shaanxi province, and verified by means of GIS analysis and sample monitoring. On this basis, the overall effect of mine ecological restoration is evaluated. The results show that among the soil environmental indicators, the soil layer thickness index reflecting soil physical properties are better. The surface water pollution of the mining area is less, and there is basically no microbial and organic pollution. The water quality is alkaline, which is consistent with the soil in the mining area. The vegetation cover and habitat quality index in the test area are good. The proportion of subsidence area is small. The comprehensive benefit index of mine ecological restoration in the experimental area is not good. |
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| Keywords: | ecological restoration monitoring index system mine restoration geographical conditions |
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