The status of artisanal fishing in El Salvador |
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| Institution: | 1. MIT, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 77 Mass. Ave., Rm. 54-410, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States;2. Lowell Observatory, 1400 W. Mars Hill Rd., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, United States;3. The Southern African Large Telescope and South African Astronomical Observatory, Cape Town 0735, South Africa;4. The CHARA Array of Georgia State University, Mount Wilson Observatory, Mount Wilson, CA 91023, United States;5. Williams College, 33 Lab Campus Dr., Williamstown, MA 01267, United States;6. Dept. de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile;7. Center for Mathematical Modelling, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Blanco Encalada 2120, Piso 7, Santiago, Chile;8. Department of Physics & Space Sciences and Ortega 0.8 m Telescope at the Olin Observatory, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901, United States;1. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca s/n, La Marquesa, Ocoyoacac, Estado de México 52750, Mexico;2. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Ed. 9, Lindavista, D. F., 07300, Mexico |
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| Abstract: | El Salvador is one of the most environmentally degraded nations in Latin America, but the declining fishing industry is under-studied compared with deforestation and landuse. This paper examines the reactions to fish stock decline of two generations of fishers in La Union, El Salvador on the Golfo de Fonseca, one of the most important fishing areas in Latin America, using face to face interviews and questionaires. Both older (>35 years) and younger (<36 years) fishers supplemented their income with trading, farming and loans from their relatives in the United States. All older fishers reported larger fish catches five and ten years previously than at present. Previously, fishers caught more fish, but significantly more younger fishers than older fishers reported their fathers caught more fish than they did, indicating an increasing gap in fish catches in recent decades. More younger fishers than older fishers had fathers or male kin who were also fishers, indicating young men were less likely to join fishing without a parent or kin already involved. Minorities of both older and younger fishers engaged in supplementary activities. Environmental degradation disuaded fishers from switching to farming or hunting. The findings are similar to findings elsewhere on the decline of fish resources and generational gaps in environmental knowledge, but differ in that some other studies report fewer opportunities for fishers to access alternative or complementary activities. These findings are relevant to Latin American studies, considering the great value of the Golfo de Fonseca to the livelihoods of Central America. |
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| Keywords: | El Salvador Golfo de Fonseca Artisanal fishing Gender Age |
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