Marine conservation challenges in an era of economic crisis and geopolitical instability: The case of the Mediterranean Sea |
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| Institution: | 1. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Water Resources Unit, Ispra, Italy;2. Department of Geography, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel;3. Institute of Marine Science (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain;4. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR EME 212, Centre de Recherche Halieutique Méditerranéenne et Tropicale, Sète Cedex, France;5. Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Ag. Kosmas, Greece;6. ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;7. Department of International Relations, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel;8. Conservation Department, Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lo?inj, Croatia;9. Department for Biodiversity, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia;10. Yad Hanadiv (a Rothschild Family Foundation), Jerusalem, Israel;11. Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, Mytilini, Greece;12. National Marine Park of Zakynthos, Zakynthos, Greece;13. Institute for Tourism, Zagreb, Croatia;14. Faculty of Fisheries, Marine Biology Laboratory, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey;1. Ecology and Environmental Research Group, School of Ecology and Sustainability, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428 (Werribee Campus), Melbourne, VIC, Australia;2. Coastal-Marine Research Group, Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 102 904, North Shore MSC, New Zealand;1. School of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, Irvine Building, North Street, St Andrews, KY16 9AL Scotland, UK;2. Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia, Enspielerjeva ulica 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, IMBRIW, Heraklion, Crete, Greece;4. Fundación AZTI – AZTI Fundazioa, Txatxarramendi ugartea, z/g, 48395 Sukarrieta, Bizkaia, Spain;5. Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece;6. Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, ?etali?te Ivana Me?trovi?a 63, 21000 Split, Croatia;7. Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy;1. Department of Geography, University College London, Pearson Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK;2. Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;1. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia;2. Environmental Studies Program, Colby College, 5351 Mayflower Hill Drive, Waterville, ME, 04901, USA;3. Center for Ocean Solutions and Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 555E, Monterey, CA, 93940, USA;4. Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Ave., New York, NY, 10027, USA;5. Conservation International, Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science and Oceans, 7192 Kalanianaole Hwy, Suite G230, Honolulu, HI, 96825, USA;6. Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2725 Montlake Blvd E., Seattle, WA, 98112, USA;7. Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK |
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| Abstract: | In the Mediterranean Sea, socio-economic drivers may accelerate the process of exclusive economic zone (EEZ) declarations. Despite the challenges, the EEZ declarations may provide important opportunities for leveraging change to national policy towards the development of large-scale conservation of marine ecosystems and biodiversity in this zone. Using the Mediterranean Sea as a case study, we aim to highlight a set of best practices that will maximize the potential for the development of large-scale marine conservation initiatives. These include a range of approaches, such as using surrogates to fill the many biodiversity data gaps in the region, further the development of consistent and open access databases, and the utilization of technological developments to improve monitoring, research and surveillance of less accessible and under-explored marine areas. The integration of Mediterranean-wide and local conservation efforts, the facilitation of transboundary collaboration, and the establishment of regional funds for conservation will further enhance opportunities for marine conservation in this region. |
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| Keywords: | Marine conservation Exclusive economic zones Mediterranean Transboundary collaboration Data gaps Conservation opportunities |
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