Vulnerability of floating tunnel shafts for increasing earthquake loading |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;2. Beijing City Traffic Collaborative Innovation Center, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;3. Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, SiChuan, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Dongsan Rd. 1, Chenghua District, Chengdu City, China;1. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;2. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;3. Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;4. State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China |
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| Abstract: | Fragility curves constitute the cornerstone in seismic risk evaluations and performance-based earthquake engineering. They describe the probability of a structure to experience a certain damage level for a given earthquake intensity measure, providing a relationship between seismic hazard and vulnerability. In this paper a numerical approach is applied to derive fragility curves for tunnel shafts built in clays, a component that is found in several critical infrastructure such as urban metro networks, airport facilities or water and waste water projects. The seismic response of a representative tunnel shaft is assessed using tridimensional finite difference non-linear analyses carried out with the program FLAC3D, under increasing levels of seismic intensity. A hysteretic model is used to simulate the soil non-linear behavior during the seismic event. The effect of soil conditions and ground motion characteristics on the soil-structure system response is accounted for in the analyses. The damage is defined based on the exceedance of the concrete wall shaft capacity due to the developed seismic forces. The fragility curves are estimated in terms of peak ground acceleration at a rock or stiff soil outcrop, based on the evolution of damage with increasing earthquake intensity. The proposed fragility models allows the characterization of the seismic risk of a representative tunnel shaft typology and soil conditions considering the associated uncertainties, and partially fill the gap of data required in performing a risk analysis assessment of tunnels shafts. |
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| Keywords: | Tunnel shafts Fragility analysis Seismic analysis Risk analysis |
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