DEM modelling of cone penetration tests in a double-porosity crushable granular material |
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| Institution: | 1. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Imperial College London, UK;2. Formerly at Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UPC, Barcelona Tech, Spain;3. Division of Geotechnical Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UPC Barcelona Tech, Spain;1. School of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China;2. School of Engineering and Information Technology, Federation University Australia, Churchill 3842, VIC, Australia;1. Structural Impact Laboratory (SIMLab), Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway;2. Centre for Advanced Structural Analysis (CASA), NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway;3. IMPETUS Afea AB, Sördalsvägen 22, 14160 Huddinge, Sweden;1. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 20092, China;2. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;3. The Underground Polis Academy of Shenzhen University, College of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;1. Institute for Infrastructure and Environment, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Skempton Building, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom;3. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;4. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China |
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| Abstract: | A three-dimensional discrete element model is used to investigate the effect of grain crushing on the tip resistance measured by cone penetration tests (CPT) in calibration chambers. To do that a discrete analogue of pumice sand, a very crushable microporous granular material, is created. The particles of the discrete model are endowed with size-dependent internal porosity and crushing resistance. A simplified Hertz–Mindlin elasto-frictional model is used for contact interaction. The model has 6 material parameters that are calibrated using one oedometer test and analogies with similar geomaterials. The calibration is validated reproducing other element tests. To fill a calibration chamber capable of containing a realistic sized CPT the discrete analogue is up-scaled by a factor of 25. CPT is then performed at two different densities and three different confinement pressures. Cone tip resistance in the crushable material is practically insensitive to initial density, as had been observed in previous physical experiments. The same CPT series is repeated but now particle crushing is disabled. The ratios of cone tip resistance between the two types of simulation are in good agreement with previous experimental comparisons of hard and crushable soils. Microscale exploration of the models indicates that crushing disrupts the buttressing effect of chamber walls on the cone. |
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| Keywords: | Discrete element method Pumice sand Cone penetration Particle crushing Double porosity |
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