Experimental and conceptual evidence about the limitations of shear wave velocity to predict liquefaction |
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| Institution: | 1. Glenn Department of Civil Engineering Clemson University, SC 29634-0911, USA;2. MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the liquefaction performance of sites with seismic activity, the normalized shear wave velocity, Vs1, has been proposed as a field parameter for liquefaction prediction. Because shear wave velocity, Vs, can be measured in the field with less effort and difficulty than other field tests, its use by practitioners is highly attractive. However, considering that its measurement is associated with small strain levels, of the order of 10?4–10?3%, Vs reflects the elastic stiffness of a granular material, hence, it is mainly affected by soil type, confining pressure and soil density, but it is insensitive to factors such as overconsolidation and pre-shaking, which have a strong influence on the liquefaction resistance. Therefore, without taking account of the important factors mentioned above, the correlation between shear wave velocity and liquefaction resistance is weak.In this paper, laboratory test results are presented in order to demonstrate the significant way in which OCR (overconsolidation ratio) affects both shear wave velocity and liquefaction resistance. While Vs is insensitive to OCR, the liquefaction resistance increases significantly with OCR. In addition, the experimental results also confirm that Vs correlates linearly with void ratio, regardless of the maximum and minimum void ratios, which means that Vs is unable to give information about the relative density. Therefore, if shear wave velocity is used to predict liquefaction potential, it is recommended that the limitations presented in this paper be taken into account. |
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| Keywords: | Liquefaction Shear wave velocity Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering |
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