The tidal response of Ganymede and Callisto with and without liquid water oceans |
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Authors: | William B Moore Gerald Schubert |
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Institution: | Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567, USA |
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Abstract: | Calculations of the tidal responses of Ganymede and Callisto reveal that tidal amplitudes on these bodies may be as large as a few meters if a liquid ocean exists to decouple the surface ice from the interior. Tides on Ganymede's surface can exceed 7 m peak-to-peak variation, while on Callisto the tidal amplitude can exceed 5 m in the presence of a liquid ocean. Without an ocean, tidal amplitudes are less than 0.5 m on Ganymede and less than 0.3 m on Callisto. An orbiting spacecraft using an altimeter for crossover analysis and Doppler tracking from Earth should be able to achieve sufficient accuracy to identify the tidal amplitude to within about a meter over the course of a few months (observing tens of tidal cycles). |
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