Optimization and capacity expansion of a water distribution system |
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| Authors: | Nien-Sheng Hsu Wei-Chen Cheng Wen-Ming Cheng Chih-Chiang Wei William W-G Yeh |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA |
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| Abstract: | This paper develops an iterative procedure for capacity expansion studies for water distribution systems. We propose a methodology to analyze an existing water distribution system and identify the potential bottlenecks in the system. Based on the results, capacity expansion alternatives are proposed and evaluated for improving the efficiency of water supply. The methodology includes a network flow based optimization model, four evaluation indices, and a series of evaluation steps. We first use a directed graph to configure the water distribution system into a network. The network flow based model optimizes the water distribution in the system so that different expansion alternatives can be evaluated on a comparable basis. This model lends itself to linear programming (LP) and can be easily solved by a standard LP code. The results from the evaluation tool help to identify the bottlenecks in the water distribution system and provide capacity expansion alternatives. A useful complementary tool for decision making is composed of a series of evaluation steps with the bottleneck findings, capacity expansion alternatives, and the evaluation of results. We apply the proposed methodology to the Tou-Qian River Basin, located in the northern region of Taiwan, to demonstrate its applicability in optimization and capacity expansion studies. |
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| Keywords: | Capacity expansion Network flow model Linear programming Reservoir operation Water distribution system |
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