| 人为季节性河流的初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 许炯心.人为季节性河流的初步研究[J].地理研究,2000,19(3):234-242. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许炯心 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院资源与生态环境研究重点项目资助!(KZ952 - S1 - 2 0 7),国家重点基础研究发展规划项目资助!(G1 9990 4 36) |
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| 摘 要： | 由于人类引水量的激增,我国北方的一些天然常流河频繁断流,已经成为季节性河流。文中提出了人为季节河的概念,在分析天然常流河与天然季节河的形成条件的基础上,查明了人为季节河形成的敏感带和在这种敏感带中,常流河向季节河转化的条件。
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| 关 键 词： | 河流管理 河流分类 人为季节河 人为季节河敏感带 |
| 收稿时间： | 1999-12-22 |
| 修稿时间： | 2000-04-10 |
A preliminary study of man-induced seasonal rivers: examples from China |
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| XU Jiong-xin.A preliminary study of man-induced seasonal rivers: examples from China[J].Geographical Research,2000,19(3):234-242. |
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| Authors: | XU Jiong-xin |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | Natural rivers may be classified into two categories, natural permanent rivers and natural seasonal rivers. However, due to strong human activities, some permanent rivers in north China have been changed into seasonal rivers, and the most striking examples are the lower Yellow River and other major rivers in North China Plain. These rivers can be regarded as a new category of rivers, and are termed "man induced seasonal river" in the present study. To elucidate the formation of man induced seasonal rivers, this paper first discusses the conditions for the formation of natural permanent and seasonal rivers, including the influences of climate, topography, vegetation and lithology. The factors responsible for the formation of man induced seasonal rivers can be divided into two classes; the first are specific natural settings and the second are unreasonable human activities. In zones with some specific combinations of natural factors, the transformation from permanent to man induced seasonal rivers is most likely to occur. These zones can be regarded as susceptible zones of man induced seasonal rivers. In the present study, three susceptible zones of man induced seasonal rivers have been identified, i.e., the transitional zone from arid to semi arid climates, the zone of "hanging river" development, and the zone with unbalanced land water coupling. To a great degree, the formation of man induced seasonal rivers in these susceptible zones is the result of the excessive water diversion by man for irrigation and other water demands during low water seasons. In these susceptible zones, deforestation may also lead to the transformation from permanent to seasonal rivers. This study shows that the major man induced seasonal rivers in Chian such as the lower Yellow River and Haihe River and some of their tributaries are all located in these susceptible zones. |
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| Keywords: | river management classification of rivers man induced seasonal river susceptible zone of man induced seasonal rivers |
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