| 中山市2015—2019年臭氧超标特征及其与气象条件的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 麦健华,邓涛,于玲玲,何国文,李颖昕,余欣洋,耿一超.中山市2015—2019年臭氧超标特征及其与气象条件的关系[J].热带气象学报,2022,38(6):833-844. |
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| 作者姓名： | 麦健华 邓涛 于玲玲 何国文 李颖昕 余欣洋 耿一超 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中山市气象局，广东 中山 528400 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目2019YFC0214605国家重点研发计划项目2018YFC0213901国家自然科学基金41775037广东省重点领域研发计划项目2020B1111360003广东省气象局科技创新团队项目GRMCTD202003中山市气象局科学技术研究项目JKT201913 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用广东省中山市2015—2019年的地面臭氧浓度及气象观测数据，分析了中山市近年来臭氧超标与气象条件的关系。结果表明，中山市2015—2019年臭氧超标天数从22天增加至66天，臭氧年评价值增长36%，中度污染以上天数占超标天数比例从9.1%增长至36.4%。臭氧超标主要集中在8—11月，其中9月超标天数最多。夏秋季节臭氧超标主要发生在气温高、湿度低、太阳辐射强、日间10—14时无明显降水、吹北风的气象条件下，臭氧的污染潜在源区主要位于中山西部到北部的城市。风向和气温是臭氧超标最重要的指标，夏、秋季日间吹北风且日最高气温在33 ℃或以上时超标率分别达到89.1%和78.6%。2017年和2019年在相同的最高温、相对湿度、太阳辐射强度、降水和风速条件下的臭氧超标率均远高于2015年。当臭氧起始浓度在10 μg/m3以下、11~30 μg/m3及30 μg/m3以上时，夏(秋)季从起始浓度达到超标分别用时7.1(6.9) h、6.2(6.2) h和5.8(5.9) h，相应气温上升7.2(7.1) ℃、5.8(5.8) ℃和4.7(5.1)℃，起始浓度增大时，超标耗时和气温变化均呈减小趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 臭氧 超标率 气象条件 起始浓度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-17 |
CHARACTERISTICS OF STANDARD-EXCEEDING OZONE AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN ZHONGSHAN FROM 2015 TO 2019 |
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| MAI Jianhu,DENG Tao,YU Lingling,HE Guowen,LI Yingxin,YU Xinyang,GENG Yichao.CHARACTERISTICS OF STANDARD-EXCEEDING OZONE AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN ZHONGSHAN FROM 2015 TO 2019[J].Journal of Tropical Meteorology,2022,38(6):833-844. |
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| Authors: | MAI Jianhu DENG Tao YU Lingling HE Guowen LI Yingxin YU Xinyang GENG Yichao |
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| Institution: | 1.Zhongshan Meteorological Service, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400 China2.Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou 510641 China3.Guangdong Meteorological Observatory, Guangzhou 510641 China4.Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632 China |
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| Abstract: | Using surface ozone concentration data and meteorological observational data from 2015 to 2019 in Zhongshan, this work studied the relationship between standard-exceeding ozone levels and meteorological conditions in the city. The results are shown as follows. For the years studied, the annual number of days with over-the-standard ozone levels increased from 22 to 66, and the annual assessment values of ozone concentrations increased by 36%. Besides, the ratio of days with moderate pollution or above to that with standard-exceeding days increased from 9.1% to 36.4%. Ozone exceeded the standard mainly from August to November, with September having the most days. In summer and autumn, ozone exceeded the standard mainly with five major meteorological conditions: the temperature was high, the humidity was low, solar radiation was strong, there were no obvious daytime precipitation from 10:00 to 14:00, and the wind was from the north. The potential sources of ozone pollution were mainly located in adjacent cities to the west and north. Wind direction and temperature are two most important indicators for determining whether ozone is over the standard. In summer and autumn, when the north wind prevailed and the daily maximum temperature was 33℃ or above, ozone can be over the standard by a rate up to 89.1% and 78.6%, respectively. The rates by which ozone exceeds the standard in 2017 and 2019 were much higher than in 2015 under the same conditions of temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation intensity, precipitation, and wind speed. When the initial concentration of ozone was below 10, 11-30, and above 30 μg/m3, it took 7.1 (6.9), 6.2 (6.2), and 5.8 (5.9) hours for it to exceed the standard concentration, and correspondingly, the temperature rose by 7.2 (7.1), 5.8 (5.8) and 4.7 (5.1) ℃ in summer (autumn). The result indicated that when the initial concentration of ozone increased, both the time it took for ozone to exceed the standard and the amplitude by which the temperature varied were showing a decreasing trend. |
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| Keywords: | ozone standard-exceeding rate meteorological condition initial concentration |
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