Atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the Mullica River-Great Bay Estuary |
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| Institution: | 1. Dresdner Robin, 371 Warren Street, Jersey City, NJ 07302, United States;2. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, United States;1. Posgrado en Oceanografía Costera, Facultad de Ciencias Marinas-Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico;2. Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, C.P. 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico;3. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Fraccionamiento Playitas, C.P. 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico;4. Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos del Mar No. 11. Dirección General de Ciencia y Tecnología del Mar SEP, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana Apartado Postal No. 1788, C.P. 22800 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico;2. Ghent University, Department of Applied Physics EA17 FUSION-DC, St. Pietersnieuwstraat, 41 B4, B-9000 Gent, Belgium;3. Department of Experimental Nuclear Physics K-89, Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, 29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia;4. National Science Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine;1. Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, J.A. Palménintie 260, FI-10900 Hanko, Finland;2. Environmental and Marine Biology, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Artillerigatan 6, FI-20520 Åbo/Turku, Finland;3. Novia University of Applied Sciences, Raseborgsvägen 9, FI-10600 Ekenäs, Finland;4. National Board of Antiquities, Maritime Archaeology Unit, Hylkysaari, FI-00570 Helsinki, Finland;5. Department of Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland;6. Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64 FI-00014, Finland;1. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan;2. Teshio Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Toikanbetsu, Horonobe, Hokkaido, 098-2943, Japan;3. Department of Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan;4. Institute for Global Change Adaptation Science (ICAS), Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-8512, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Measurements of nitrate and ammonium in precipitation and associated with aerosols were conducted at Rutgers University Marine Field Station in Tuckerton, New Jersey from March 2004 to March 2005 to characterize atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the Mullica River-Great Bay Estuary. The arithmetic means of nitrate and ammonium concentrations for precipitation samples were 2.3 mg L?1 and 0.42 mg L?1, respectively. Nitrate and ammonium concentrations in aerosol samples averaged 3.7 μg m?3 and 1.6 μg m?3, respectively. Wet deposition rates appeared to vary with season; the highest rate of inorganic nitrogen deposition (nitrate + ammonium) occurred in the spring with an average value of 1.33 kg-N ha?2 month?1. On an annual basis, the total (wet and dry) direct atmospheric deposition fluxes into the Mullica River-Great Bay Estuary were 7.08 kg-N ha?2 year?1 for nitrate and 4.44 kg-N ha?2 year?1 for ammonium. The total atmospheric inorganic nitrogen directly deposited to the Mullica River-Great Bay Estuary was estimated to be 4.79 × 104 kg-N year?1, and the total atmospheric inorganic nitrogen deposited to the Mullica River watershed was estimated to be 1.69 × 106 kg-N year?1. Only a fraction of the nitrogen deposited on the watershed will actually reach the estuary; most of the nitrogen will be retained in the watershed due to utilization and denitrification during transport. The amount of N reaching the Mullica River-Great Bay Estuary indirectly is estimated to be 5.07 × 104 kg-N year?1, approximately 97% is retained within the watershed. This atmospheric nitrogen deposition may stimulate phytoplankton productivity in the Mullica River-Great Bay ecosystem. |
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