Natural and industrial analogues for leakage of CO2 from storage reservoirs: identification of features, events, and processes and lessons learned |
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| Authors: | Jennifer L Lewicki Jens Birkholzer Chin-Fu Tsang |
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| Institution: | (1) Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA |
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| Abstract: | Instances of gas leakage from naturally occurring CO2 reservoirs and natural gas storage sites serve as analogues for the potential release of CO2 from geologic storage sites. This paper summarizes and compares the features, events, and processes that can be identified
from these analogues, which include both naturally occurring releases and those associated with industrial processes. The
following conclusions are drawn: (1) carbon dioxide can accumulate beneath, and be released from, primary and secondary shallower
reservoirs with capping units located at a wide range of depths; (2) many natural releases of CO2 are correlated with a specific event that triggered the release; (3) unsealed fault and fracture zones may act as conduits
for CO2 flow from depth to the surface; (4) improperly constructed or abandoned wells can rapidly release large quantities of CO2; (5) the types of CO2 release at the surface vary widely between and within different leakage sites; (6) the hazard to human health was small in
most cases, possibly because of implementation of post-leakage public education and monitoring programs; (7) while changes
in groundwater chemistry were related to CO2 leakage, waters often remained potable. Lessons learned for risk assessment associated with geologic carbon sequestration
are discussed.
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. |
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| Keywords: | CO2 storage Leakage Natural analogue Industrial analogue FEP |
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