| 凡纳滨对虾潘状幼体厌食症的防治 |
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| 引用本文： | 梁华芳,欧黄思,吴耀华.凡纳滨对虾潘状幼体厌食症的防治[J].湛江海洋大学学报,2013(6):87-91. |
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| 作者姓名： | 梁华芳 欧黄思 吴耀华 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524025 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省科技厅农业攻关项目（20108020308005,2011B020415008）;广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项（A201208B03.A20101bB01） |
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| 摘 要： | 潘状幼体厌食症是指潘状幼体发育到第2期后，出现摄食突然减少和停食的现象，幼体发病率和死亡率较高。探讨育苗用水处理方法、抗菌素、有益微生物制剂对防治凡纳滨对虾潘状幼体厌食症的效果。结果表明：1）用次氯酸钠、百碘、溴氯海困对育苗用水进行消毒处理没有预防潘状幼体厌食症作用，用甲醛处理水有一定的预防效果，幼体发病率为75.3％，低于对照组的88.2％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；2）利福平、土霉素、庆大霉素、诺氟沙星、复方新诺明等抗菌药物对潘状幼体厌食症防治效果不佳，除利福平外，其他药物组幼体发病率、存活率与对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）；3）有益微生物制剂光合细菌、乳酸杆菌、芽孢杆菌、复合活菌制剂EM活菌、虾蟹宝活菌和乐多源活菌对潘状幼体厌食症都有不同程度的预防作用，幼体发病率、存活率与对照组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05），以乐多源活菌预防效果最好，幼体发病率仅19.8％，比对照组低63.3％，治疗作用仅乐多源活菌较好，可治愈50.0％的发病幼体，其他活菌治疗效果不佳。建议潘状幼体厌食症应采取处理水和使用有益微生物制剂相结合方法进行防治。
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| 关 键 词： | 凡纳滨对虾 潘状幼体 厌食症 防治 |
Control of Zoea Anorexia of Litopenaeus vannamei |
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| LIANG Hua-fang,OU Huang-si,WU Yao-hua.Control of Zoea Anorexia of Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Journal of Zhanjiang Ocean University,2013(6):87-91. |
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| Authors: | LIANG Hua-fang OU Huang-si WU Yao-hua |
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| Institution: | (Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China) |
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| Abstract: | Zoea anorexia is a phenomenon that the zoea larvae eat little or nothing suddenly when they metamorphosize from zoea stage 1 to stage II, and the larvae have a high morbidity rate and mortality. The effects of prevention and treatment of anorexia through the water treatment, application of antimicrobial and probiotics were investigated in this thesis. The results indicated： 1） The breeding water disinfected with hypochlorite, disinfectant-PI or BCDMH （3-Bromo-l-chloro-5, 5-dimethyl hydanto） could not prevent the anorexia of zoea. However, formaldehyde had some effect. The morbidity of zoea larvae treated by formaldehyde was 75.3 %, which was significantly lower （P 〈 0.05） than that of the control group （88.4%）. 2） Antibacterials such as Rifampicin, Terramycin, Franzolidonum, Norfloxacin and Erythromycin could not prevent and control the anorexia. There was no obvious difference for larval survival rate between the treatment and the control groups （P 〉 0.05）. 3 ） Microbial preparations used in this experiment had different effects on prevention of anorexia. Significant difference for both the morbidity and survival rate of larvae could be found between the treatment and the control groups （P 〈 0.05）. Among all microbial preparations tested, Rhodogen probiotics had the best effects in prevention. The morbidity was 19.8%, and was 63.3% lower than that of the control group. Compared to the control, 50.0% zoea larvae with anorexia could be cured by Rhodogen probiotics, while the other microbial preparations used had no obvious effects. It is suggested that water treatment combined with probiotices application should be taken into consideration for zoea. |
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| Keywords: | Litopenaeus vannamei zoea anorexia control |
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