Automatic Sunspots Detection on Full-Disk Solar Images using Mathematical Morphology |
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Authors: | J J Curto M Blanca E Martínez |
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Institution: | (1) Observatori de l’Ebre, CSIC – Universitat Ramon Llull, 43520 Roquetes, Spain;(2) Grup de recerca en processament multimodal, Enginyeria i Arquitectura La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, C. Quatre Camins, 2, 08022 Barcelona, Spain |
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Abstract: | Sunspots are solar features located in active regions of the Sun, whose number is an indicator of the Sun’s magnetic activity.
Therefore accurate detection and classification of sunspots are fundamental for the elaboration of solar activity indices
such as the Wolf number. However, irregularities in the shape of the sunspots and their variable intensity and contrast with
the surroundings, make their automated detection from digital images difficult. Here, we present a morphological tool that
has allowed us to construct a simple and automatic procedure to treat digital photographs obtained from a solar telescope,
and to extract the main features of sunspots. Comparing the solar indices computed with our algorithm against those obtained
with the previous method exhibit an obvious improvement. A favorable comparison of the Wolf sunspot number time series obtained
with our methodology and from other reference observatories is also presented. Finally, we compare our sunspot and group detection
to that of other observatories. |
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Keywords: | Sunspots Automatic detection Mathematical morphology |
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