| 城市内涝灾害模拟与灾情风险评估研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 李瑶,胡潭高,潘骁骏,雷享勇,谢俊杰,徐露洁,王雪.城市内涝灾害模拟与灾情风险评估研究进展[J].地理信息世界,2017(6):42-49. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李瑶 胡潭高 潘骁骏 雷享勇 谢俊杰 徐露洁 王雪 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 杭州师范大学 遥感与地球科学研究院,浙江 杭州 311121;浙江省城市湿地与区域变化研究重点实验室,浙江 杭州 311121;石河子大学 理学院,新疆 石河子 832003;2. 杭州师范大学 遥感与地球科学研究院,浙江 杭州 311121;浙江省城市湿地与区域变化研究重点实验室,浙江 杭州 311121;3. 浙江省第二测绘院,浙江 杭州,310012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目，国家自然科学基金，杭州市科技发展计划，海洋公益性行业科研专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着我国城市化建设进程的加快,城市水系和绿地面积不断缩减,地表硬质化现象持续加重,城市扩张所带来的问题正日益凸显,尤其是汛期强降雨导致的内涝灾害日渐成为亟需解决的城市顽疾。城市内涝灾害模拟及风险评估是推进城市内涝灾害管理,减少内涝灾害损失的有效途径。本文在综合近年来国内外相关研究的基础上,从城市内涝产生机理、模型及风险评估的角度对城市内涝的研究进行了详细阐述。在模型方面重点介绍了两种应用广泛的雨洪模拟模型:SCS和SWMM模型,对两者的优缺点进行了分析,同时简单归纳了其他雨洪模型。在灾情风险评估方法方面,重点介绍了基于历史灾情数理统计、遥感图像和GIS技术耦合分析和基于指标体系评估等的风险评估方法,并对比分析了各自的优缺点及适用范围。最后对城市内涝模型及风险评估的未来发展方向进行了展望,提出集成多模型耦合的城市雨洪模拟模型以及多学科联合的灾害风险评估研究将成为今后的发展趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市内涝 形成机理 模拟模型 评估方法 |
Research Progress on Disaster Simulation and Risk Assessment for Urban Waterlogging |
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| Abstract: | With the acceleration of urbanization process in our country,urban green space and water area continued to decline,hardening phenomenon has been increasing.The problems caused by urban expansion are becoming increasingly prominent,especially urban waterlogging disasters caused by heavy rainfall in flood season have been the urgent problems that need to solve.Urban waterlogging disaster simulation and risk assessment are the most effective way to strengthen the management of urban waterlogging disaster and reduce the losses of waterlogging disaster.On the basis of comprehensive research at domestic and abroad in recent years,this paper carries out the urban waterlogging research from its mechanism,model and the risk assessment of it in detail.This paper highlights two widely used rainstorm simulation models: SCS and SWMM model and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of them.At the same time,the other models are simply summarized.In terms of risk assessment methods,this paper mainly introduces the risk assessment method based on historical disaster statistics,remote sensing image and GIS technology coupling analysis and the risk assessment based on index system and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages and the scope of application.Finally,the future development direction of urban waterlogging model and risk assessment are prospected.The multi-model coupled model of urban waterlogging flooding and the multi-disciplinary joint disaster risk assessment will be the main trend in the future. |
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| Keywords: | urban waterlogging formation mechanism disaster simulation risk assessment |
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