| 汶川地震滑坡-碎屑流致灾距探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 李论基,韩金良.汶川地震滑坡-碎屑流致灾距探讨[J].地质科技通报,2015,34(5):219-224. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李论基 韩金良 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国地质大学, 北京 100083; |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局地质调查项目(1212011220134) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了阐明地震滑坡的运动特性并对其进行致灾距的预测,基于遥感影像解译和野外调查数据,借助经验公式法,分析了汶川地震滑坡水平最大运移距离L与前后缘高差H之间的相关性,给出了经验公式;探讨了不同滑坡之间滑程的差异与异常。结果表明:若已知H,可用L=aH+b或L=aHb对总位移进行预测初探;将视摩擦系数H/L=0.45作为汶川地震高速远程型滑坡的上限较合适;滑坡体积、源区破裂面积与L呈正相关,与H/L呈负相关;地震滑坡易发生在山脊线平行于断裂带、垂直于地震波传播方向的山体两侧;崩塌型滑坡易发前后缘高差范围在10~100m之间,大型高速远程型滑坡易发前后缘高差大于200m;滑坡源区易发坡度分布在25°51°之间,滑床坡降变化范围为0~58°,高速远程型滑坡的滑床坡降主要在8°20°之间;分析认为滑程差异和异常是距离效应、能量传递与岩体挡板效应、滚动润滑与气垫效应、体积与破裂面积效应、地质因子、地形因子、颗粒级配与颗粒流效应等因素综合作用的结果,考虑上述因素有益于滑坡-碎屑流致灾距的预测分析。
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| 关 键 词： | 滑坡-碎屑流 最大运移距离 差异 影响效应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-03-13 |
Discussion on the Hazard Distance of Landslide-Debris Flow Triggered By Wenchuan Earthquake |
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| Institution: | 1. China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;2. Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Science, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | To clarify the movement characteristics and predict the distance of landslide triggered by Wenchuan earthquake,this paper,using remote sensing image interpretation and field investigation data,discusses the correlation between the L and H to give the empirical formula and determines the key influence factors of earthquake landslides.The analysis of the difference between different types of landslides shows that:If H is known,total displacement can be preliminarily forecast by using the empirical formula L=aH+b or L=aHb.It is applicable to treat 0.45 as the standard to measure high-speed and long runout avalanches in Wenchuan.The volume and the rupture area of the source region was positively correlated with the L,while H/L was negatively correlated with them.As earthquake landslide with ridgeline parallel to the rupture zone and perpendicular to the wave propagation direction is easy to occur,collapse-type landslide is much easier with the height range of 10 to 100m,with high-speed and long runout avalanches greater than 200 m.In the source region,the slope is generally distributed between 25ånd 51°.The slope of sliding bed changes between 0ånd 58°,while the slope of sliding bed of the high-speed and long runout avalanches is distribute in the range of 8°to 20°.The differences of the maximum movement distance is the result of the combined effects,such as distance effect,energy transfer and the baffle effect,rolling lubrication and air cushion effect,volume and rupture area effect,particle size distribution and particle flow effect,geological factors,the topography factor,etc. |
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