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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S167498711200062X |
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| Authors: | , Tetsuya Tokiwa , Kimikazu Tsusaka , Makoto Matsubara , Taiki Ishikawa , Daisuke Ogawa |
| Institution: | 1. Horonobe Underground Research Unit, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Hokkaido 098-3224, Japan 2. Geoscience Research Laboratory, Kanagawa 242-0014, Japan 3. Mitsubishi Materials Techno Corporation, Tokyo 102-8205, Japan |
| Abstract: | This paper focuses on the formation mechanism of fractures induced by excavation of a gallery in soft sedimentary rocks in the Horonobe area of Japan. Detailed fracture mapping of the gallery indicates that the fractures consist of both pre-existing shear fractures and excavation damaged zone (EDZ) fractures. EDZ fractures correspond to weak planes associated with bedding planes or transgranular cracks. The EDZ fractures terminate against pre-existing shear fractures. Therefore, even for excavations in soft sedimentary rocks, formation of the EDZ fractures are controlled by pre-existing fractures and earlier weak planes. |
| Keywords: | Fracture Excavation damaged zone (EDZ) Weak plane Soft rock Excavation |
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